CITATION (End-Text Reference) RPW 305 Academic English Survival Skills II Unit I (pp ) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

END –TEXT REFERENCE WHAT IS END-TEXT REFERENCE? The second component of giving references is end-text reference, which provides a more detailed account of the sources that have been used in the essay. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

What is the aim of giving end-text reference? To provide the reader with all the necessary information in case they want to make use of the same source. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

CAUTION Make sure that any source cited in the text with paranthetical reference must also appear in the end-text reference.

Where do we place end-text reference in the essay? As you can understand from the name, end- text reference is listed under the title “References” at the end of your essay. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

BRIEF GUIDELINES for GIVING END- TEXT REFERENCE The list of works should be arranged alphabetically by the author’s surnames. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

BRIEF GUIDELINES for GIVING END- TEXT REFERENCE All the sources cited in the text should also appear on the reference list. The title of the reference list should be “References” and should be centered on the page. The reference list should begin on a new page. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

BOOK WITH ONE WRITER Ayling, S. E. (1966). Portraits of power. New York: Barnes & Nobles, Inc. Author’s surname Initials of the author’s first name Year of Publication Name of the book City of publication Publisher of the book CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

BRIEF GUIDELINES for GIVING END- TEXT REFERENCE The entries should be double-spaced. The first line should be flushed with the left margin, and all subsequent lines should be indented five spaces from the left margin. EXAMPLE: Cox, K., & Hill, D. (2004). EAP now! English for Academic Purposes: Teacher’s Book. New South Wales, NSW: Pearson and Longman. Indented CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

As end-text reference: Ayling, S. E. (1966). Portraits of Power. New York: Barnes & Nobles, Inc. HOW DO YOU CITE THIS BOOK AS IN-TEXT REFERENCE? As in-text reference: (Ayling, 1966, p.56) BOOK WITH ONE WRITER CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

BOOK WITH TWO WRITERS As end-text reference Oshima, A., & Hogue, A. (1983). Writing academic english. Massachutes: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. HOW DO YOU CITE THIS BOOK AS IN-TEXT REFERENCE? As in-text reference (Oshima & Hogue, 1983, p. 85) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

BOOK WITH THREE or MORE WRITERS List by last names and initials; commas separate author names, while the last author name is preceded again by ampersand. Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R.C., & Curphy, G. J. (2006). Leadership: Enhancing the lessons of experience (5th ed.). Singapore: Mc-Graw-Hill. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

How do you cite this book in the text? Hughes, R. L., Ginnett, R.C., & Curphy, G. J. (2006). Leadership: Enhancing the lessons of experience (5th ed.). Singapore: Mc-Graw-Hill. The first time it is mentioned? (Hughes, Ginnett, & Curphy, 2006, p. 34) From the second time onwards? (Hughes et al., 2006, p.34) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

Book – chapter in edited book Helber, L. E., (1995). Redeveloping mature resorts for new markets. In M. V. Conlin & T. Baum (Eds.), Island tourism: Management principles and practice (pp ). Chichester, England: John Wiley. The author and chapter title come first, followed by the editors and book title. The page numbers of the chapter are also required. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

Samovar, L. A., & Porter, R. E. (Eds.). (1997). Intercultural communication: A reader (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. BOOK WITH EDITOR(S) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

WHAT DO THESE COLORS SHOW? Helber, L. E., (1995). Redeveloping mature resorts for new markets. In M. V. Conlin & T. Baum (Eds.), Island tourism: Management principles and practice (pp ). Chichester, England: John Wiley. Author’s nameYear of publication Chapter title Editors’ names Book name Page numbers Place of publication ? ? ?? ? ? ?? Publisher CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

CHAPTER or ARTICLE in a BOOK Surname of the writer Book’s year of publication Name of the article Name of the book’s editors King, M. L. (2007). Three ways of meeting oppression. In S Bachmann, & M. Barth (Eds.),Between worlds: A reader, rhetoric and handbook (5th ed.). (pp ). New York: Pearson – Longman. Name of the book How many times the book has been edited page numbers of the article As in-text reference: (King, 2007, pp. 237 – 238) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

ARTICLE in a JOURNAL Name of writers Journal’s year of publication Name of the article Name of the journal Lewis, C., & Robinson W. (2005). The authoritarian personality. The Journal of Psychology, 40 (4), 470 – 501. Issue number of the journal page numbers of the article Volume number of the journal As in-text reference: (Lewis & Robinson, 2005, p. 471) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

Date of publication / release on the Web Date when the article was accessed INTERNET ARTICLE Author’s surname Name of the article Mango, A. (2000, September 24). Atatürk in his lifetime and today. Retrieved September 1, 2008, from Web address of the site where the article was found As in-text reference: (Mango, 2000, para. 3) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

IMPORTANT REMINDER While writing end-text references, you need to be very careful with the punctuation, capitalization and italicization. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

You are not expected to memorize the conventions of end-text referencing; when you need to prepare a reference list, refer to; a.The explanations above for the basics b.Appendix B-5 c.The Publication Manual of the APA d. DON’T WORRY! CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

TASK 4 (p. 62) Go back to pages and identify which components are: a.CAPITALIZED b.italicized CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

Items that need to be CAPITALIZED: First letter of the first word in book titles and subtitles (other words are not capitalized) First letters of the words in journal titles First letter of the first word in the article title in a journal (other words are not capitalized) CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

Items that need to be italicized: Names of the books Names of the journals Volume number of journals CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

TASK 5 (p. 63) 1. a) author’s surname b) place of publication 2. title of the book 3. a) author’s initial b) name of the publishing company CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

TASK 6 (p. 63) 1)a6) e 2)i7) f 3)c8) g 4)d9) b 5)j10) h CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT

STUDY PACK (pp ) Do the exercises: In-text and End-text referencing practice sheet CANKAYA UNIVERSITY - FOREIGN LANGUAGES- ENGLISH UNIT