13 Colonies Colonial Features

Bell Ringer l What do the colonial regions have in common? List two things for each region. Use your chart to find info that is the same. l New England 1.Founded for religious freedoom 2. l Middle Colonies l Southern Colonies 1. 2.

The New England Colonies Massachusetts (Maine) New Hampshire Rhode Island Connecticut Massachusetts MR CONHAM

Life in…NEW ENGLAND –People live close together in cities and small towns. –Religion (Puritanism) is the center of peoples ’ lives. l Study the Bible regularly l Go to church for long hours on Sundays l Theocracy: church leaders are political leaders (only white males) l Salem Witch Trials: 1692 in Mass. –Education: public schools began in MA (Horace Mann) –Government: l New England town meeting (Direct Democracy) l Eventually becomes anti-British  Sons of Liberty, Committees of Correspondence

RHODE ISLAND l Founders –Roger Williams l Reasons Founded –Left Mass. Because he believed you should be able to worship god as you pleased. l People –Natives –People seeking religious freedom l Climate and Geography –Red soil rich for farming –Harsh winter

RHODE ISLAND (Cont) l Economy –Shipping, ship builders, slave trading center l Religion –Freedom of religion l Politics –Create laws in an assembly

CONNECTICUT l Founders –Thomas Hooker (puritan minister) l Reasons Founded –Left Mass due to lack of democracy thought church should be separated from government. l People –Natives –People seeking freedom l Climate and Geography –Forests –Farming

CONNECTICUT (Cont) l Economy –Shipping –Fishing –Whaling l Religion –Puritan l Politics –Separation of church and state. –First written laws in America

MASSACHUSETTS l Founders –John Winthrop (Puritans) –William Bradford (Pilgrims/Separatists) l Reasons Founded –Wanted to practice their religion freely. –Wanted their religion to be more pure l People –Puritans –Pilgrims –Natives l Climate and Geography –Fertile land for small farming –Winters bitterly cold

MASSACHUSETTS (Cont) l Economy –Grew own food –Cattle –Fur –Timber l Religion –Puritans very strict. Must be apart of their religion no freedom. l Politics –Theocracy meaning the church was in charge and made the decisions

Middle Colonies l The Middle colonies included: l New York (NY), New Jersey (NJ), Delaware (DE), l and Pennsylvania (PA). No Nonsense Police Department NY NJ DE PA

Life in…Middle Colonies –People live on farms, cities and towns –Religion: Many different religions, known as a place for “ religious tolerance. ” l Catholics, Quakers, Methodists, Baptists –Government: Gov ’ ts were set up to treat people equally and accept differences –Famous people: William Penn

NEW YORK l Founders –Samuel de Champlain –Henry Hudson claimed for Netherlands eventually England takes over. l Reasons Founded –Setup for Dutch East Indian Company exploited for resources. l People –Dutch –English Puritans –slaves l Climate and Geography –Hot summer, bitter cold winter, ground was rocky.

NEW YORK (Cont) l Economy –Fur trapping, lumber trading, shipping, and slave trade. l Religion –Considerable religious freedom l Politics –Run by governor appointed by king made all the laws.

MARYLAND ACTUALLY SOUTHERN l Founders –George Calvert l Reasons Founded –Catholic looking for sanctuary l People –Mostly Catholics some other religions l Climate and Geography –Low fertile soil

MARYLAND (Cont) ACTUALLY SOUTHERN l Economy –Flax, grains, corn, wheat, and lumber l Religion –Catholic but had freedom of religion l Politics –Govern themselves but Calvert is in charge could print money create laws, etc.

PENNSYLVANIA l Founders –William Penn l Reasons Founded –Land grant to Penn a haven for religious persecution l People –People throughout Europe: Germany, Ireland, Scotland, Quakers l Climate and Geography –Rolling hills, trees, and fertile soil

PENNSYLVANIA (Cont) l Economy –Raised crops, dairy cattle, and lumber l Religion –Religious tolerance, city of brotherly love l Politics –Free men elected representatives to an assembly voted on laws.

Southern Colonies The Southern Colonies included: Maryland (MD), Virginia (VA), North Carolina (NC), South Carolina (SC), and Georgia (GA). MD VA NC SC GA Not So Vicious Ginny Muse

Life in…Southern Colonies –People are spread out on plantations –Rich plantation owners form a “ planter aristocracy. ” –Education: Only the wealthy are educated –Racism: Slavery leaves a legacy of racism/discrimination the south continues to struggle with. (White vs. Black) –Georgia: “ debtor colony ”  where debtors from England were sent. “ Buffer Colony ”  buffer from Spanish owned Florida

SOUTH CAROLINA l Founders –8 lords sent by King Charles II l Reasons Founded –Given land grant as an investment. l People –Europeans seeking freedom, salves, 150 acres to any freeman. l Climate and Geography –Some fertile, some swampy, some sick from malaria.

SOUTH CAROLINA (Cont) l Economy –Cotton, tobacco, indigo, rice, plantations using slaves l Religion –Religious liberty l Politics –Control retained by England.

GEORGIA l Founders –James Oglethorpe –George II gave the job to 8 lord proprietors l Reasons Founded –George II saw as a way to steal from Spain. Used it as a place to send debtors. l People –Debtors or people looking for freedom, some missionaries. l Climate and Geography –Mild summer, hot winters, some swamps and mountains

GEORGIA (Cont) l Economy –Cotton, tobacco, indigo, and rice, slave labor, plantations l Religion –Freedom of religion l Politics –Elected representatives to Common House of Assembly government had final word.

VIRGINIA l Founders –Sir Walter Raleigh l Reasons Founded –Investment Virginia Company of London l People –Most English free land if bought stock in the company l Climate and Geography –Low fertile land suitable for large plantations

VIRGINIA (Cont) l Economy –Tobacco and slave trade l Religion –Church of England required. No freedom of religion l Politics –House of Burgesses elected representatives.

WHICH REGION??

New England l Economy: –Boating, fishing, deep harbors

Southern l Economy: –Large plantations, tobacco, rice

New England l Reasons for being Founded: –Religious reasons mostly by Puritans

Middle l Reasons for being founded: –Started by William Penn (Quakers)

Southern l Reasons for being founded: –Mostly financial reasons to make money for England.

Southern l Government: –Mostly still controlled by England.

Middle l Religion: –Only region that had total religious freedom

Middle l New York

New England l New Hampshire

New England l Rhode Island

Southern l North and South Carolina

Middle l New York

Salem Witch Trials l