Implementation Trip for Date of TAC Presentation: April 14 th, 2009 Project Location: El Chaguite, Yoro District, Honduras Project Risk Level: 2 Northeastern University’s Student Chapter Implementation Trip Tentative Travel Dates: June 11 th – June 26 th, Project: El Chaguite Water System

El Tecuan Project: El Chaguite Water System2

Los Planes Project: El Chaguite Water System3

El Chaguite Project: El Chaguite Water System4

El Chaguite Population: 333 people Project: El Chaguite Water System5

Project Schedule Project: El Chaguite Water System6 Dates of TravelPurposeDescription December 2007Los Planes Implementation & El Chaguite Assessment Complete Transmission Main in Los Planes, Visit El Chaguite April – May 2008El Chaguite Assess.Water Quality, Hydraulic Investigations, Existing System Inspections, Topographic Survey, Health Survey December 14- December 29, 2008 El Chaguite Phase 1 Implementation Construct Transmission Main/ Distribution System June 11-June 26 (proposed) El Chaguite Phase 2 Implementation Storage Tank/ Inspect Distribution System

Objectives of El Chaguite Implementation Trip Project: El Chaguite Water System7 Inspect the installed distribution system Construct a 6,500 gallon water storage tank. Provide El Chaguite a water system that is more reliable and has the capacity to meet the growing demand for water. Teach the villagers about conservation and sanitation.

El Chaguite Project: El Chaguite Water System8

Design Process Project: El Chaguite Water System9 Excel water flow model WaterGEMS flow model Multi-phase implementation Phase 1 (COMPLETE) –Construct Transmission Main –Instruct villagers on construction of distribution system –Build break pressure tank (float-valve tank) Phase 2 –Water storage tank –Inspect village-constructed distribution system

Tank Design Demand Sizing Sources Assumptions Tank Walls Foundation Roof Project: El Chaguite Water System10

Current and Future Conditions Project: El Chaguite Water System11 Chaguite now:Chaguite in 25 years: 60homes87homes 333people483people 68students99students Conditions now:Conditions in 25 years Total Average Available Flow (GPD) 22,349 Total Average Available Flow (GPD) 22,349 Total Average Demand for People (GPD) 8,797 Total Average Demand for People (GPD) 12,755 Total Average Demand for Irrigation (GPD) 3,000 Total Average Demand for Irrigation (GPD) 4,350 Total Demand (GPD)11,797Total Demand (GPD)17,105

Overall Feasibility Project: El Chaguite Water System12 Water Source : gpm (22,348 gallons/day) 25 year projected demand: 12,755 gpd +4,350 gpd (Irrigation use) 17,105 gpd Diurnal Demand Cycle Conclusion: Feasible with water storage tank

Sizing Project: El Chaguite Water System13

Sizing Project: El Chaguite Water System14

Sources Project: El Chaguite Water System15 This design is based on: Circular Storage Tanks and Silos by A. Ghali Design of Concrete Structures by A. Nilson et. al. Concrete Slabs Analysis and Design by R. J. Cope & L. A. Clark Reinforced Concrete Slabs by R. Park & W. Gamble See reference tables for formulas and assumed constants

Assumptions Project: El Chaguite Water System16

Tank Design

Tank Wall

Tank Foundation

Foundation – Wall Interface

Tank Roof

Tank Inlet and Outlet

Trip Schedule Project: El Chaguite Water System23 Jun-11 Fly to San Pedro Sula Get Supplies Order Materials Visit Rigo Jun-12 Buy Groceries Order Rest of Supplies Research Pumps for Carrizalito Project Jun-13 Drive To Rosario Meet with Village and Present Design Lay out Tank Site Jun-14 Dig Tank Site Transport Bricks, Cement, Rebar, etc. Jun-15 Train Villagers our process for concrete Jun-16 Layout casting of Foundation Jun-17 Cast Foundation Jun-18 Inspect Distribution System - Day 1 Install Services - Day 1 Jun-19 Start Walls of Tank Inspect Distribution System - Day 2 Install Services - Day 2 Jun-20 Visit Los Planes Visit El Tecuan Jun-21 Survey Carrizalito Take a trip to Yoro Jun-22 Cut GI pipe for tank Visit El Rosario School Jun-23 Visit El Chaguite School Jun-24 Final Meeting With El Chaguite Jun-25 Drive to San Pedro Sula Jun-26 Fly back to Boston

Budget Project: El Chaguite Water System24 El Chaguite Phase 2 Estimated Budget Travel Airfare $ 4,800 Exit Fees $ 210 Truck Rental $ 1,300 Gas $ 120 Ground Hotel $ 300 Food $ 600 Labor Guides $ 240 Laundress $ 100 Cooks $ 240 Materials PVC Fittings/Valves $ 180 GI Pipes & Fittings $ 281 Tools $ 164 Tank Materials $ 1,365 Contingency $ 928 Total $ 10,827

Sustainability Extra materials supplied for maintenance and replacement. Locals will be educated on water conservation and proper system maintenance. Water Board will collect usage tax to fund future repairs. Simple design and construction Project: El Chaguite Water System25

Community Involvement Project: El Chaguite Water System26 How has the community been involved in this project? –During the site assessment we inquired about the community’s wishes and took their input into consideration during the design process. Letters have been sent to the villagers for approval of the design. Was a second, follow-up assessment conducted once the initial designs were completed? –No, there was no follow-up assessment, but this trip will serve as a follow-up assessment before designing the second phase of the implementation of the system. How did everyone agree on this design? –We discussed the tentative initial plan with the villagers and formed our design based upon these original discussions. How many people will this project impact? –This project will impact the quality of life for approximately 350 people. Has the NGO been helpful? –ACTS, the NGO in the area, has been extremely helpful in the progression of this project. Since they already have a traveling infrastructure set up in the area, it has been much easier than expected to secure safe places to stay, guides to the area, and reliable sources of information. In addition, the wealth of knowledge that the group has about the history of El Rosario and the surrounding area has been beneficial in understanding the culture and social dynamics of El Chaguite.

Community Ownership & Education Project: El Chaguite Water System27 What kind of help will the community be providing? –Labor (digging trench, laying pipe, mixing cement, transporting materials). –We will coordinate a schedule of construction with El Chaguite’s Water Board. Who will own the project once it’s completed? –El Chaguite will own the water system upon completion of the project. The El Chaguite Water Board will manage the communally used infrastructure.

Community Ownership & Education Project: El Chaguite Water System28 Who will be overseeing maintenance once the team leaves and how will repairs be paid for? –El Chaguite’s Water Board will be overseeing the maintenance of the system. We will leave extra materials with the villagers to take care of any immediate necessary repairs. Hopefully, with improved health, the villagers will be able to establish community funds and pay for repairs further in the future. What education will be provided to the community? –The community will be educated on the maintenance of the system, and we also plan to provide information about health and sanitation. In order for this to be a successful effort we will be working with the community Water Board and local organizations to ensure that the people understand the situation and are well informed about health and sanitation issues.

Questions? Project: El Chaguite Water System29 Thank you for your attention. This slide concludes our formal presentation. The following slides provide additional information which may be useful.

Project Background Project: El Chaguite Water System30 The need for EWB-NEU’s previous project, Los Planes water supply project was realized by EWB-NEU and ACTS, a non-profit organization that has been working in the area for over 15 years. ACTS has been working on improving the quality of life in the area by implementing medicinal and educational programs in the village of El Rosario as well as several of the surrounding villages. EWB-NEU has completed two projects in the area working with the villages of El Tecuan and Los Planes. During this time EWB-NEU realized the need for a similar project in El Chaguite. EWB-NEU was approved for an assessment trip that occurred in December During the assessment all the data that was necessary to design the system was collected Due to the shear size of the village, amount of work and materials needed, the design will need to be implemented over at least two phases. The following presentation outlines the final design for the El Chaguite water project, design alternatives, logistics of travel, and budget for Phase One.

El Chaguite Existing System 31Project: El Chaguite Water System

32Project: El Chaguite Water System

Existing Conditions Project: El Chaguite Water System33 Sufficient, clean water source Limited service Unusable distribution system Damaged main line Diverse topography Hurricane damage Fire damage

Alternatives Considered Project: El Chaguite Water System34 North Water Storage TankEast Water Storage Tank

Trip Logistics Project: El Chaguite Water System35

Building Materials Project: El Chaguite Water System36 ItemsQuantityUnitsUnit Price ($)Total Price ($) PipesGI2 Inch80ft $ 2.50 $ Fittings/Valves TapsPVC 1/2 Inch60ea $ 3.00 $ CouplingGI 2 Inch6ea $ 1.73 $ Elbows (45 or 90)PVC 1/2 Inch120ea $ 0.40 $ Valves PVC 1/2 Inch60ea $ 3.05 $ GI Gate Valve 2 Inch3ea $ $ GI Globe Valve 2 Inch1ea $ Tools Pliers4ea $ $ Trowel4ea $ $ Plasterer's Float4ea $ $ Bucket12ea $ 4.00 $ Level2ea $ $ Tank Materials Cement60bags $ 5.10 $ Sand9cy $ $ Gravel7cy $ $ Brick3000brick $ 0.13 $ #3 Rebar2000ft $ 0.16 $ #4 Rebar800ft $ 0.16 $ Barb Wire1000ft $ 0.02 $ Staples3lb $ 0.68 $ 2.05 Nails3lb $ 0.68 $ 2.05

Equipment Project: El Chaguite Water System37 Survey Equipment: Topography Maps Rented GPS Unit Rod, Level, and Total Station 200’ Tape Measures Water Testing Equipment : Hach 5-in-1 Test Strips Coliscan Easygels 1mL Droppers Sterile Petri Dishes Water Tap Pressure Gauge Tools for GI pipes: GI Pipe Cutter GI Reamer Tree Vice Other Equipment: 2-Way Battery-Operated Radios Local Road Maps First Aid kits Digital Camera * All of the Equipment has been checked to clear Honduras’ Customs

Accommodations Project: El Chaguite Water System38 Dates, transportation, and lodging Fly out of Boston on June 11, Pick up rental truck at the airport in San Pedro Sula and drive to the Hotel Ejecutivo in the city. Leave San Pedro Sula the next day, after securing materials, food and water. Travel 3.5 hours to the village of El Rosario (location of the bunk house and ACTS clinic) From June 11 to June 26 – travel between El Rosario, and surrounding villages, focusing our implementation efforts on El Chaguite. Also travel to El Tecuan, La Reinada and Los Planes to check status of past projects. Travel back to San Pedro Sula on December 28 and spend another night in the Hotel Ejecutivo in San Pedro Sula. Return Rental trucks and fly out of San Pedro Sula on December 29 Contact Information of accommodations For the first and last nights the team we will be staying at the Hotel Ejecutivo in San Pedro Sula ( ) During the rest of the trip the team will be staying in a bunk house in El Rosario which is next to the health clinic. There will be no way of directly contacting the team by phone during this phase of the project, however two households in this village have phones. (Santiago , and Rosa Castro ) Sources of food and water for the team The first morning in San Pedro Sula, the team will shop for groceries. The team will also purchase all bottled water needed for the trip. When in the villages the team will buy more, locally grown, food from the villagers, such as corn and beans. Food will be prepared by cooks in the bunk house. State whether the team be visiting surrounding areas. The majority of time will be spent in El Chaguite implementing the first phase of the project. For a few days during the trip, the team will visit villages that EWB-NEU has worked with in the past, including El Tecuan, Los Planes and La Reinada.

Safety & Emergency Plan Project: El Chaguite Water System39 Safety Plan El Rosario and the surrounding villages are rural and the crime rate is very low. When crimes do happen it is very rare that they involve foreigners. The team will always be traveling in groups and two individuals from the village will be accompanying and guiding the group. There is a medical clinic in El Rosario with a well stocked pharmacy that ACTS has worked with for years. The bunk house will serve as a meeting place and the trucks will be available for emergency transportation. Emergency Plan & Exit Strategy SOS evacuation insurance was strongly suggested by the ACTS group in case of emergency. Political unrest is rare in Honduras. The country is considered one of the most politically stable countries in Central America. In case of emergency the team will exercise good judgment and use advice from the local guides to leave the country in the best way possible. Are there any State Department Warnings for this country? As of March 19, 2009 there are no State Department Warnings for this country (information retrieved from US Department of State website) Are there any other safety concerns for traveling at this time? Heavy rain and hurricanes have hit this area in the past. In case of extreme weather the team will stay off the roads and use best judgment with counsel from the locals

Project Contact Information Project: El Chaguite Water System40 Daniel P. Saulnier, P.E. ( withheld) (phone # withheld) Professional Mentor Prof. Ferdi Hellweger, Sc.D. ( withheld) (phone # withheld) Faculty Advisor Rajesh Punjabi ( withheld) (phone # withheld) Project Lead Lucas Johnson ( withheld) (phone # withheld) Chapter President Dean J. Seibert, M.D., ACTS ( withheld) (phone # withheld) Health Point Person Patti Barahona ( withheld) (phone # withheld) NGO/Community Contact Project Team: 16 Students working on project 1 professional mentor and 1 professor working on project Rajesh Punjabi, Mike Sanders, Ryan Mahoney, Lucas Johnson, Peter Privitera, John Martin, Jennifer Chin, Ann Polaneczky, Ethan LaRochelle, Amanda Horton, Laurel Rowse, Andy Baummer, Megan Fritz, Christian Mantilla, John Monachelli, Noah Garguilo, Dan Saulnier, Ferdi Hellweger

Project Team and Travel Team Project: El Chaguite Water System41 Chapter Traveling: Northeastern University On-the ground Contact Phone # for the travel team Patti Baharona – (phone # withheld) Nearest US Consulate Contact info: –Embajada de los Estados Unidos de América, Avenida La Paz, Tegucigalpa M.D.C., Honduras Tel. (504) / Fax. (504) Nearest Hospital Contact Info: San Pedro Sula –Phone: Travel Team: –5 Students Traveling –1 Professionals Traveling

Hours Project: El Chaguite Water System42 Number of WeeksHours per Week (avg)Total Hours Project Lead: Daniel P. Saulnier Student Lead: Rajesh Punjabi Student Members Faculty401 Total 1720

Administrative Data Project: El Chaguite Water System43

Final Checklist before Travel Project: El Chaguite Water System44 The goal of the review process is to make sure that your team has a successful implementation trip 1) Submit this presentation to the project management staff and TAC liaison at usa.org. Turn in WITH the usa.org –Volunteer Waiver Form (#605) for each person traveling. Please submit all at one time. 2) Prior to the TAC meeting: The Project Management Staff and the liaison will review this presentation with the project lead, mentor and other relevant team members via a conference call prior to its presentation at the TAC meeting. 3) Before final travel, your team should have the following checklists signed off by the persons listed below, and get a final OK from the EWB-USA Project Staff: –Travel Readiness Checklist (#601): to project staff –Personal Health Checklist (#603): to team’s health point person (to be taken on the trip) –Detailed Field Equipment Checklist: to mentor or project lead –Provided this presentation & emergency contact information to each and every member of the team –Have each person review the Travel Tips Presentation (#602) 4) The Project team will be responsible for following up on TAC Comments and submitting changes/revisions to the project staff 5) The Project team MUST notify the project staff of any changes to travel dates or travel teams. Additional team members MUST send in Waivers (#605) prior to travel.

Project Lead Sign-Off Project: El Chaguite Water System45 I, Daniel P. Saulnier, P.E., as the Professional Mentor of this project, have reviewed the technical and logistical contents of this project, and approve of the proposed design. I will also comply with TAC recommended changes and make suggested changes before traveling on the implementation trip. Daniel P. Saulnier April 14, 2009 [signed]

Project: El Chaguite Water System46

Project: El Chaguite Water System47

Project: El Chaguite Water System48

Data Collection Project: El Chaguite Water System49 GPS Survey Total Station Survey Interviews Water quality testing –Total coliforms –VOCs –Metals

Trench Detail Project: El Chaguite Water System50

Trench Examples Project: El Chaguite Water System51

Tank Design Project: El Chaguite Water System52 Chaguite now:Growth projected by Thomas D. Jordan, Jr.Chaguite in 25 years: 60homes45% 87homes 333people482.85people 68students98.6students Projected Water Usage - Method 1 Methodology based on "A Handbook of Gravity-Flow Water Systems" by Thomas D. Jordan, Jr. (p ) 45litre/day/person 10litre/day/student at school Current need:Need in 25 years: 15665litres/day22714litres/day 4138gallons/day6000gallons/day Projected Water Usage - Method 2 Water usage according to "Health Aspects of Plumbing" (chapter 2) published by the World Health Organization and the World Plumbing Council: Minimum:20litre/day/person(drinking, food preparation, basic hygiene) Moderate:50litre/day/person(minimum plus laundry and bathing) Optimal:100litre/day/person(moderate plus considerable comfort and well-being) Current need: Need in 25 years: Minimum:6660litre/day1759gallon/dayMinimum:9657litre/day2551gallon/day Moderate:16650litre/day4398gallon/dayModerate:24143litre/day6378gallon/day Optimal:33300litre/day8797gallon/dayOptimal:48285litre/day12755gallon/day Additional Water for Irrigation of Personal Gardens 189lpd/household for irrigation (source: Mike Sanders, Idaho Farmers Extension Report) 50gpd/household for irrigation (source: Mike Sanders, Idaho Farmers Extension Report) Current need:Need in 25 years: 11356liters/day16467liters/day 3000gallons/day4350gallons/day Conclusion Use largest flow estimate (Method 2, Optimal water usage) for Tank Calculations, plus irrigation

Project: El Chaguite Water System53 Walls: Horizontal Rebar

Test Wall for Cracking

Foundation Design

Roof Analysis

Roof Design

Project: El Chaguite Water System58 Walls: Bending Moment

Project: El Chaguite Water System59 Walls: Vertical Rebar

Demand Project: El Chaguite Water System60

Distribution System Model Project: El Chaguite Water System61

Transmission Main Project: El Chaguite Water System62 Source Proposed Tank Site Existing Tank Site

Transmission Main Project: El Chaguite Water System63

Float Valve Tank Project: El Chaguite Water System64

Implementation Metrics Project: El Chaguite Water System65 Technical: Give a detailed description of the future monitoring of the impacts of your project –Once the project is completed, the continuation of the monitoring of the system will be carried out by the community water board. –We will initiate an education campaign to provide necessary water safety and sanitation information. –Our chapter will remain in contact with the community to ensure that things are going smoothly, to provide any support that becomes necessary, and to ensure that the water availability issue has been fully addressed. What are the future plans for visiting and following up with any problems that might arise? –We plan to implement this project in two phases, so the implementation trip for the second phase will also serve as a follow-up to the first phase. –Since EWB-NEU plans on remaining active in the area around El Chaguite in the future, the group will check up on the village on any trips to the area. In addition, ACTS has a constant presence in El Rosario and the surrounding villages and can act as a liaison between El Chaguite and EWB-NEU.

Implementation Metrics (Health) Project: El Chaguite Water System66 Health: Give a detailed description of the baseline health assessment –In January 2008 a standard EWB 509 Health Assessment Form was completed for the community of El Chaguite by one of the village elders on behalf of EWB-NEU. It is the intent of EWB-NEU to distribute additional forms for completion by other villagers during the implementation trip. The additional responses will allow for a cross-section of the community and provide greater insight into the village health situation. –Our team conducted a health assessment of the village of El Chaguite. Interviews were made house by house to determine the public health status of the residents. All comments were recorded along with the number of people in each household, gender, and age

Implementation Metrics (Health) Project: El Chaguite Water System67 Health (continued) What health metrics were identified to measure the effect of this project on the community? –We, or ACTS, will conduct another health survey after implementation to see if the number of cases of illnesses decreases after we improve the water availability in the village. We will be conducting water usage education and hope to improve basic sanitation practices in the village, such as encouraging hand washing. Through communication with ACTS in the future we can ask if spread of illnesses has decreased. What are the current health data findings? –The most common illnesses are malnutrition, headaches, common cold, diarrhea and fever. –Most of the illnesses listed are caused and/or spread more easily by the lack of clean and reliable water in the village. What additional data is needed? –We may conduct more in depth water quality tests during the implementation trip to see if water quality should be the focus of a future project in El Chaguite

Assessment for Future Project Phases Project: El Chaguite Water System68 Will this trip be used as a site assessment for future projects? –This trip will be used as an assessment for the second phase of this project. Because of the scale of the project, we have decided to implement it in two phases. The second phase will focus on the reservoir tank, completion of the distribution system and setting up taps at all of the houses. What are the community’s main concerns? –The main concern is to obtain a reliable source of water. We hope to increase serviceability with a new transmission main. After the first trip, the main concern will be getting water to each house. Site Assessment Data Needs: –Verify location for reservoir tank. This information will be obtained by collecting GPS and survey data of potential locations and doing soil stability analysis. –Determine locations for all of the taps to be installed. This information will be obtained by collecting GPS data of the village and working with the families to determine where the taps will go.

Assessment for Future Project Phases: Methodology Project: El Chaguite Water System69 Describe the potential impacts to the physical environment that the project may cause. –This project will affect the plant and animal life in the direct surroundings of the source box, float valve tank, reservoir tank, and water tap. We will attempt to make this effect as positive as possible. Describe what training your team has undergone/will undergo for this project. –The team has knowledge in surveying and water systems, and will use the information gathered for the first phase of the design to help prepare for the project. In addition, the group has been educated by ACTS in regards to the cultural issues that exist in the area.

Project: El Chaguite Water System70 Assessment for Future Project Phases: Metrics Technical: What metrics will be used to determine the technical success of this project? –This project will be successful if the village has full access to clean drinking water. The success will be measured as follows. Water pressures were measured at many places in the existing system. The proposed design strives for a minimum pressure of 20 pounds per square inch (psi) and a maximum pressure of 80 psi. Tap pressures within this range will be considered successful. –The quality of the water is also important to the success of the system. Water tests were conducted by the EWB-NEU travel team in December For a successful implementation, all the taps in the community should test negative for contaminants. Each of these tests will be conducted at representative locations throughout the distribution network. Economic: What additional metrics will be used to measure the effect of the next phase of this project on the community? –This project will significantly increase the health and quality of life for the people of El Chaguite, primarily the families who were not served by the original system. –The villagers will have the opportunity to invest their energy into different things which can only bring about a bright future forr thecommunity. –Moreover, the health problems in El Chaguite will reduce. Having a plentiful supply of clean water for drinking, cooking and bathing will undoubtedly improve the health of these people.

Project: El Chaguite Water System71 Assessment for Future Project Phases: Metrics Health: What additional metrics will be used to measure the effect of the next phase of this project on the community? –A health assessment has already been performed for the village of El Chaguite so we will not need to collect another one at this time. After the project has been implemented, we may conduct a follow-up health survey to determine the effects of our system. What data is needed and from where will your team collect the data? –We have already gathered the necessary health information for this project.