Integumentary System Chapter 5

Combining Forms for the Integumentary System adip/oadiposis lip/olipoma steat/osteatoma dermo/ohypodermic dermat/odermatology cutane/osubcutaneous

Combining Forms for the Integumentary System erythr/oerythrodermatitis hidr/oanhidrosis hist/ohistology histio/ohistiogenic

Combining Forms for the Integumentary System ichthy/oichthyoid kerat/okeratosis scler/oscleroderma leuk/oleukonychia

Combining Forms for the Integumentary System melan/omelanocyte myc/omycosis onych/oonychodystrophy plas/odysplastic

Combining Forms for the Integumentary System purpur/opurpuric seb/oseborrhea squam/osquamous

Combining Forms for the Integumentary System trich/otrichorrhexis xer/oxerosis xanth/oxanthoma

Integumentary System Overview Composed of skin (integument), and its appendages (hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands) Protects body for injury or intrusion of microorganisms Helps regulate body temperature Houses receptors for sense of touch

Skin Largest organ in the body Divided into an outer layer and an inner layer: epidermis — outer layer dermis (corium) — inner layer

The Skin (continued)

Epidermis Consists of several layers of stratified squamous (scale like) epithelium: basal layer — innermost layer basal cells are constantly being pushed up, moving older cells to the surface melanocytes — produce pigment (melanin) which gives color to the skin squamous layer — outermost layer

Dermis (Corium) Connective tissue layer Contains: blood and lymphatic vessels nerve and nerve endings glands hair follicles network of elastic and collagen fibers (gives skin elasticity and toughness)

Subcutaneous Layer Layer below the dermis Composed of loose connective tissue and adipose (fatty) tissue

Lesions Areas of pathologically altered tissue Two types: Primary Primary lesions are physical changes in the skin considered to be caused directly by the disease process. Types of primary lesions are rarely specific to a single disease entity. Secondary Secondary lesions may evolve from primary lesions, or may be caused by external forces such as scratching, trauma, infection, or the healing process. The distinction between a primary and secondary lesion is not always clear.

Primary Lesions: pg Lesions arising from previously normal skin Flat, nonpalpable changes in skin color: macule, patch Elevated, palpable, solid mass: papule, wheal Elevation formed by fluid within a cavity: vesicle, bulla, pustule link

Secondary Lesions: pg Lesions that result in changes in primary lesions Types: Loss of skin surface: erosion, ulcer, excoriation, fissure Material on skin surface: scale, crust Other secondary lesions: keloid, nevus, verruca Link

Secondary Lesions cont’d… Lesions of a blood vessel (also a secondary lesion) cherry angioma — round, bright red blood vessel tumor often seen on trunk telangiectasia (spider angioma) — radiate from central arteriole most often found on face, neck or chest Vascular Lesions

Secondary Lesions cont’d… Lesions as a result of hemorrhages in the skin petechia — minute hemorrhagic spot — indicates a bleeding tendency ecchymosis — bruise Purpuric Lesions

Secondary Lesions cont’d… Skin tumors arising from the epidermis dysplastic nevus — mole with precancerous changes verruca — wart; caused by a virus Epidermal Tumors