SKIN Health Science Technology I Dr. Halbert INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM SKIN Health Science Technology I Dr. Halbert
Three main layers of skin Epidermis Dermis Dermis is called true skin Notice pressure and touch receptor location Dermis contains sweat and sebaceous (oil) glands- located in or near hair follicles over entire skin surface Oil glands can become clogged with cell overgrowth but oil gland continues to produce causing blackheads or pimples Hair and nails are composed of keratin Subcutaneous Fatty Tissue 3
Epidermis Outermost layer Cells constantly being shed Contains no blood vessels or nerves 5 layers Stratum corneum: outer part Stratum germinativum: inner layer
Dermis “true skin” Made up of elastic connective tissue and contains vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles Top layer covered with papillae which form ridges which make up our fingerprints
Subcutaneous fascia or hypodermis Innermost layer Connects skin to the muscle underneath
Sudoriferous glands Sweat glands Eliminate water, salts and some body wastes Coiled tubes
Sebaceous glands Oil glands Produce sebum Open in to hair follicles When plugged results in pimple or blackhead
Alopecia Lack of hair
Functions of the skin Protection Perception Regulation of temperature Storage of fat, water, vitamins Absorption Excretion Production of Vitamin D
Skin pigment Melanin: brown-black pigment, does absorb UV light resulting in a tan Carotene: yellowish-red pigment
Albino Absence of color pigment
Erythema Reddish color of the skin Burns or congestion of blood in vessels
Jaundice Yellow discoloration Liver or gallbladder disease or destruction of red blood cells
Cyanosis Bluish discoloration Insufficient oxygen
Macules Flat spots on the skin Ex: freckles
Papules Firm raised areas Pimples Some stages of chicken pox
Vesicles Blisters Fluid filled sacs Chicken pox
Pustules Pus filled sacs Ex: acne
Crusts Dried pus and blood scabs
Wheals Itchy elevated areas with irregular shape Hives
Ulcer Deep loss of skin surface
Acne Vulgaris Inflammation of the sebaceous glands Usually in adolescence Hormonal changes, increased secretion of sebum are underlying causes
Athlete’s foot Contagious, fungal infection usually of feet Blisters, cracks, itching
Skin cancer Melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma May develop from moles
Dermatitis Inflammation of the skin Caused by any substance that irritates skin, often allergic Example: poison ivy
Eczema Non contagious, inflammatory disorder Caused by allergy or irritant Dryness, edema, erythema, itching, vesicles, crusts
Impetigo Highly contagious Bacterial infection- Staph or Strep Pustules and yellow crusts
Psoriasis Chronic, non contagious, inherited Thick red area with white scales
Ringworm Contagious, fungal infection Usually circular with a clear central area
Verrucae Warts Viral Rough, hard, elevated
Image Citations Slide 4: Delmar Learning’s Medical Terminology Image Library, Second Edition. Version 1.0. ISBN: 1-4018-1009-8. Slide 10: 1/3/06 Erythema Nodosum, http://medimages.healthopedia.com/large/erythema-nodosum.jpg Slide 11: 1/3/06 http://medicine.ucsd.edu/clinicalmed/jaundice.JPG Slide 12: 1/3/06 Central Cyanosis, http://www.lf2.cuni.cz/Projekty/interna/foto/014/pic00011.jpg Slide 16: 1/3/06 Papules, http://www.acnesource.org/images/pic_papules.jpg Slide 17: 1/3/06 Vesicles, http://www.acponline.org/graphics/bioterro/vesicles.jpg Slide 18: 1/3/06 Staphlococcal pustules, http://www.adhb.govt.nz/newborn/TeachingResources/Dermatology/ StaphPustule/StaphPustule.jpg Slide 20: 1/3/06 http://sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca/dermatology/wheal3.jpg Slide 21: 1/3/06 Skin Ulcer, http://www.liv.ac.uk/researchintelligence/issue18/images/W041128R .jpg
Image Citations Slide 23: 1/3/06 Acne Vulgaris, http://medimages.healthopedia.com/large/acne-vulgaris.jpg Slide 24: 1/3/06 Athlete’s foot, tinea pedis, www.nlm.nih.gov Slide 25: 1/3/06 Skin Cancer, www.healingdaily.com Slide 26: 1/3/06 Allergic Contact Dermatitis, www.immunologyclinic.com Slide 27: 1/3/06 Eczema, http://www.pg.com/science/skincare/Skin_tws_55/Skin_tws_55_03.jpg Slide 28: 1/3/06, Impetigo, http://www.manbir- online.com/grafics/impetigo.jpg Slide 29: 1/3/06, Psoriasis, www.monpso.net Slide 30: 1/3/06, Ringworm, http://www.avte.net/AVTE2003/contents/hazards/zoonotic%20hazards/ha_ri ngworm.jpg Slide 31: 1/3/06, http://vasculitis.med.jhu.edu/treatments/images/warts.jpg