Naming Non-ionic Compounds Rules to Live By. Rule #1 The first element in the formula is named first, and the full element name is used.

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Presentation transcript:

Naming Non-ionic Compounds Rules to Live By

Rule #1 The first element in the formula is named first, and the full element name is used.

Rule #2 The second element is named as it would be if it was an anion. –Ex. Cl would be “chloride” like before.

Rule #3 Prefixes are used to tell the number of atoms in the formula. –We will look at these in 2 more slides.

Rule #4 The prefix mono- (meaning 1) is never used for the first element. –Ex. CO 2 is carbon dioxide, not monocarbon dioxide. Ever.

Prefixes 1mono- 2di- 3tri- 4tetra- 5penta- 6hexa- 7hepta- 8octa-

Yay Practice! Name the following compounds: 1.PCl 5 2.P 4 O 6 3.SF 6 4.SO 3 5.SO 2 6.N 2 O 3 Phosphorus pentachloride Tetraphosphorus hexoxide Sulfur hexafluoride Sulfur trioxide Sulfur dioxide Dinitrogen trioxide

Now go the other way! Give the formula for the following compounds! 1.Carbon pentasulfide 2.Diphosphorus hexachloride 3.Hexanitrogen monofluoride 4.Tetroxygen trichloride 5.Phosphorus pentachloride CS 5 P 2 Cl 6 N6FN6F O 4 Cl 3 PCl 5

Let’s Do Acid! In the learn-how-to-name-them sense…

Naming Acids 1.If the anion does not contain oxygen, the acid is named with the prefix hydro- and the suffix -ic. AcidAnionName. HClCl - HCNCN - H 2 SS -2 hydrochloric acid hydrocyanic acid hydrosulfuric acid

Naming Acids 2.When the anion contains oxygen, we add either –ic or –ous to the end. -ic we use when we have an anion whose name ends in –ate: AcidAnionName. H 2 SO 4 sulfate H 3 PO 4 phosphate HC 2 H 3 O 2 acetate sulfuric acid phosphoric acid acetic acid

Naming Acids -ous we use when we have an anion whose name ends in –ite. AcidAnionName. H 2 SO 3 sulfite HNO 2 nitrite sulfurous acid nitrous acid

Acid (starts with H and is not water) The anion (-) name ends in… -ide Single element from the periodic table: Br, Cl, I, S… “Hydro_______ic Acid” -ite Only polyatomic ions “_____ous Acid” -ate Only polyatomic ions “_____ic Acid” (root)

Practice! Name the following acids. Acid Anion Name. 1.HF 2.H 3 PO 3 3.HNO 3 4.H 2 S hydrofluoric acidF - (fluoride) PO 3 -3 (phosphite) phosphorous acid NO 3 - (nitrate) nitric acid S -2 (sulfide) hydrosulfuric acid

The End Now let’s do some more practice.