Research Methods Key Points What is empirical research? What is the scientific method? How do psychologists conduct research? What are some important.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Introduction to Psychology
Advertisements

The Ways and Means of Psychology STUFF YOU SHOULD ALREADY KNOW BY NOW IF YOU PLAN TO GRADUATE.
Research in Psychology Chapter Two
Research Methods in Psychology Pertemuan 3 s.d 4 Matakuliah: L0014/Psikologi Umum Tahun: 2007.
Research Methods AP Psych – Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method
Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology
Basic Concepts of Research Basis of scientific method Making observations in systematic way Follow strict rules of evidence Critical thinking about evidence.
Chapter 1 Psychology as a Science
The Scientific Method.  Theory  Hypothesis  Research  Support the theory OR Refute/Fail.
Research in Psychology
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology
Research Methods Unit 2 (Chapter 2).
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Chapter 2: Research Methods.
© 2007 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights Reserved Slide 1 Research Methods In Psychology 2.
Psychology as a Science In this lecture we will discuss: science - a method for understanding limits of common sense methods of science description correlation.
Research Methods Irving Goffman People play parts/ roles
Thinking like a psychologist: The tools of the trade.
Experimental Methods Sept 13 & 14 Objective: Students will be able to explain and evaluate the research methods used in psychology. Agenda: 1. CBM 2. Reading.
Research Methods & Writing a Hypothesis. Scientific Method Hypothesis  What you expect to happen Subjects  The who (or what) of the study Variables.
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 1 Research Methods in Psychology.
Chapter 1: Psychology, Research, and You Pages 2 – 21.
Module 4 Notes Research Methods. Let’s Discuss! Why is Research Important?
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. with snazzy editions by Mrs. Short Chapter 2 Psychology’s Scientific Method.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology.
Chapter 2 The Research Enterprise in Psychology. Table of Contents The Scientific Approach: A Search for Laws Basic assumption: events are governed by.
The Scientific Method in Psychology.  Descriptive Studies: naturalistic observations; case studies. Individuals observed in their environment.  Correlational.
The Research Enterprise in Psychology
Week 1 Introduction to Psychology. Chapter 1 Overview Exploring psychology’s roots Exploring psychology’s roots Schools of thought in psychology Schools.
Assumes that events are governed by some lawful order
Wade/Tavris, (c) 2006, Prentice Hall How Psychologists Do Research Chapter 2.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON P SYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE 1 Chapter 2 PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS Section 1: Conducting ResearchConducting Research Section.
Research Methods In Psychology Mrs. Andrews. Psychology… The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Chapter 2 Research Methods This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are.
Research Design Experimental Method. Why do we conduct Psychological research? (demos first)  Hindsight Bias  the “I-knew-it-all-along” phenomenon 
Research Methods in Psychology How do we study Psychology?
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. The Scientific Method The approach used by social scientists.
Research MethodsinPsychology The Scientific Method an organized way of using experience and testing ideas to increase knowledge.
Module 3: Research in Psychology Learning Objectives What is the scientific method? How do psychologist use theory and research to answer questions of.
ﴀﴀ © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 2: Psychological Research.
Sociological Research Methods. The Research Process Sociologists answer questions about society through empirical research (observation and experiments)
CHAPTER 2 Research Methods in Industrial/Organizational Psychology
A Scientific Approach to Psychology Science is more than collecting facts; it is an attitude and a way of thinking. All scientific study begins with a.
Research Methods Chapter 2.
Psychology As Science Psychologists use the “scientific method” Steps to the scientific method: - make observations - ask question - develop hypothesis.
Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
Research in Psychology A Scientific Endeavor. Goals of Psychological Research Description of social behavior Are people who grow up in warm climates different.
Basic Research Terms and Methods Goals of psychological research Measurement and description of behavior Understanding and prediction of behavior Application.
Research in Psychology Chapter Two 8-10% of Exam AP Psychology.
How Psychologists Do Research Chapter 2. How Psychologists Do Research What makes psychological research scientific? Research Methods Descriptive studies.
 Basic assumption: events are ___________ by some lawful order  Goals: › _________ and description › Understanding and _________ › ____________ and.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD RESEARCH METHODS ETHICS PSYCHOLOGICAL RESARCH.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology.
Chapter Two Psychological Science. RESEARCH GOALS Basic Research Answers fundamental questions about behavior – e.g., how nerves conduct impulses from.
Chapter 2: The Research Enterprise in Psychology.
HOLT, RINEHART AND WINSTON P SYCHOLOGY PRINCIPLES IN PRACTICE 1 Chapter 2 PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS Section 1: Conducting ResearchConducting Research Section.
Research in Psychology A Scientific Endeavor. Goals of Psychological Research Description of social behavior Are people who grow up in warm climates different.
Module 1 Lesson 6 Research in Psychology Title: Kids at table doing experiment Author: Rejon Source: Openclipart il/38305/kids-at-table-
Research Methods In Psychology
Psychological Science
Research Methods in Psychology
CHAPTER 2 Research Methods in Industrial/Organizational Psychology
© 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Scientific Method Rabab Surani UGS 303 April 12, 2010.
The Science of Psychology
Philip G. Zimbardo Robert L. Johnson Ann L. Weber
Research in Psychology
Psychological Science
Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007
Presentation transcript:

Research Methods

Key Points What is empirical research? What is the scientific method? How do psychologists conduct research? What are some important ethical considerations in conducting psychological research?

The Scientific Method Step by step process for guiding research Provides an objective, systematic framework for research Cyclical

Steps of the Scientific Method 1.Review the literature 2.Formulate a testable hypothesis 3.Design the study and collect the data 4.Analyze the data and accept or reject the hypothesis 5.Publish, replicate and seek scientific review 6.Theory building

Step 1:Reviewing the literature What research has been done in this area? What are the current theories? Consult scientific journals only. What can my research add to the current knowledge?

Step 2: Formulate a testable hypothesis Develop a specific prediction related to the area of interest Must be “testable”

Step 3: Design the study and collect the data How can you test your hypothesis? What type of study can be done? Collect data

Step 4: Analyze the data and accept or reject hypothesis Depending on the type of study conducted, you may use statistics to analyze the data Does data support or negate the hypothesis? Proving the hypothesis incorrect is not a failure

Step 5: Publish, replicate and seek scientific review Share data to expand current knowledge Conduct the experiment again to see if results are consistent Seek critical evaluation from professional peers

Step 6: Theory Building The Cycle continues Good research stimulates additional research Encourages growth in our knowledge

Scientific Method vs. research design The scientific method outlines the steps used in any type of study The research design describes the type of study conducted

Research Designs The range of research questions in psychology requires a range of options for conducting research You are not always in a position to control the variables of interest Every design has advantages and disadvantages

Who will be in the study? Population - the entire group of people of interest to the researcher (who should the results apply to?) Sample - the actual participants in the study, representative of the population

Types of Research Designs Experimental research Correlational research Surveys, questionnaires Observations Case Studies

The Experiment Only type of study that allows for statement of cause and effect Experimenter has degree of control over key variables not possible in other research designs

Characteristics of experimental research Independent and dependent variables Experimental and control groups Random assignment to groups

Independent and dependent variables Dependent Variable - what is being measured in the experiment to determine the effect of the independent variable? Independent variable - what is the experimenter manipulating in the experiment?

Experimental and control groups Experimental group - participants in the study who are exposed to the independent variable Control group - “comparison group”, participants in the study who do not experience the independent variable NOTE: participants are randomly assigned to these groups

Experimental Research Cautions Experimenter Bias - occurs when the experimenter’s own expectations influence the outcome of the research Research Participant Bias - reflects research participants’ beliefs about how they are expected to behave

Correlational Research Examines the relationship between two variables Cannot establish that one variable causes the other, just that they are related Relies on statistical analysis Strength of relationship measured from -1.0 to +1.0 Positive, negative or zero?

Case studies Descriptive data about an individual Helpful in obtaining data about rare cases Generalization is limited

Observations Naturalistic - occurs in the natural setting Laboratory - occurs in a controlled setting

Surveys/questionnaires Very common form of research Capable of collecting large amounts of data Measures people’s behaviors or attitudes

Ethical Considerations APA guidelines for ethical research Informed consent( can be withdrawn) Confidentiality Debriefing/use of deception

Feedback: Privacy Policy Feedback
Do Not Sell My Personal Information
About project: SlidePlayer Terms of Service

© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc. All rights reserved.