Periodic Table

States of Matter of Elements at Room Temperature blue = gases yellow = solids red = liquids

Classification of Elements blue = metals red = metalloids yellow = non metals

Group / Family Names

Chemical Symbols Symbols commonly missed: –A: Al, Ar, As, Au, Ag –B: Ba, Bi, B, Br, Be –C: C, Ca, Cd, Cl, Cr, Co, Cs, Cu. –M: Mg, Mn, Mo. –S: S, Sb, Si, Sr, Sn. –Latin: Fe, Au, Ag, Sb, Pb, Na, K, Hg, Cu. –German: W

Symbols and Name Origins for Some Elements NameSymbolOrigin SodiumNaNatrium (Latin) PotassiumKKallium (Latin AntimonySbStibium (Latin) CopperCuCuprum (Latin) GoldAuAurum (Latin) SilverAgArgentum (Latin) LeadPbPlumbum (Latin) IronFeFerrum (Latin) TinSnStannum (Latin) MercuryHgHydrargyrum (Greek) TungstenWWolfram (German)

Physical Properties of Metals Metals are: –Efficient conductors of heat and electricity. –Malleable (Can be hammered into thin sheets). –Ductile (Can be pulled into wires). –Lustrous (shiny). –Tend to lose electrons and form cations. Examples are: Na, Cu, Au, Ag, & Fe.

Metalloids Substances with the properties of both metals and nonmetals. Also called semimetals Lie along the zigzag line between metals and nonmetals The seven metalloids are: –B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, At.

Physical Properties of Nonmetals Nonmetals are: –Nonconductors of heat and electricity (insulators). –Not malleable, but are brittle. –Not ductile. –Dull and without a luster. –Tend to gain electrons to form anions. Examples are: H, He, N, O, S, & P.