for Reading & Quantile Framework for Math The Lexile Framework for Reading & Quantile Framework for Math Otis Fulton Senior Vice President MetaMetrics, Inc. ofulton@lexile.com Lexile.com

Topics Lexile Development Lexiles Today Lexile Overview and Theory Communicating with Parents Matching Readers and Text www.lexile.com Quantile Framework for Mathematics Lexile.com

Lexile Development Lexile.com

State of the Union - Yesterday MetaMetrics founded in 1984 R&D firm focused on integrating assessment and instruction Research funded by five grants from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Commercialized The Lexile Framework for Reading in 1997 Grant history: Lexile.com

MetaMetrics SBIR Grants Awarding Agency: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Lexile.com

The Lexile Framework™ for Reading An educational tool that links text and readers under a common metric, Lexiles Characterizes reader with a measure and text with a measure Allows educators to forecast the level of comprehension a reader is expected to experience with a particular text Lexile.com

Lexiles Today Lexile.com

State of the Union - Today All major norm referenced tests are linked Over 20-million students will get a Lexile measure off a linked test in 2006-07 Over 450 book publishers have titles with Lexile measures Nearly 115,000 books to search at www.lexile.com Over 70 million Lexiled articles through database services partners Lexile.com

State of the Union - Today Test Publishers Harcourt: SAT-10, SAT-9, MAT-8, SDRT-4 Riverside: The Iowa Tests (ITBS, ITED), GMRT-4 CTB/McGraw-Hill: TerraNova Assessment Series Pearson: Pearson Assessment System (PAS) Reading NWEA: Measures of Academic Progress (MAP) Scholastic: SRI, SRI-Interactive, Reading Counts!, Read180, iRead Lexile.com

State of the Union - Today 3 NCES studies "Lexiles provide a more accurate measure of grade appropriateness" (Binkley, 13) "Assessing the Lexile Framework: Results of a Panel Meeting," White, S. April 2001, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2001/200108.pdf "A Content Comparison of the NAEP and PIRLS Fourth-Grade Reading Assessments," Binkley, M. April 2003, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2003/200310.pdf “International Comparisons in Fourth-Grade Reading Literacy: Findings from the Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) of 2001,” Ogle L. April 2003, http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2003/2003073.pdf Lexile.com

States Using The Lexile Framework Currently Using Lexiles In Active Discussion - Lexile.com

State of the Union - Today Database Services Allow educators to supplement textbook instruction and reading with periodicals, newspapers, reference books & transcripts EBSCO: 8M Lexiled at www.ebsco.com Proquest: 60M Lexiled at www.proquest.com Follett Library Services: Library MARC records can be updated with Lexile measures, info at www.fsc.follett.com Lexile.com

The Unification of Reading Textbook Publishers Addison-Wesley Britannica Globe-Fearon Holt Rinehart & Winston Houghton Mifflin Prentice Hall Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Hampton-Brown Harcourt School Publishers SRA/McGraw-Hill Scott Foresman Trade Book Publishers Test Publishers CTB/McGraw-Hill Crabtree Dominee DK Publishing Lee & Low Globe-Fearon Hampton Brown Harcourt Holt Leapfrog Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Modern Curriculum Educational Testing Services (ETS) Pearson Harcourt Educational Measurement Scholastic Rand McNally North Carolina Department of Public Instruction Rigby Northwest Evaluation Association Rosen SRA/McGraw-Hill Riverside Publishing Scott Foresman Texas Education Agency Steck-Vaughn Utah State Office of Education The Wright Group Prebinders The Booksource DEMCO Econoclad Permabound Bound-to-Stay Bound Periodical Databases Bigchalk/ProQuest EBSCO NoveList Over 70 educational companies have adopted the Lexile Framework SRA/McGraw-Hill “Open Court Reading” materials for grades 1 through 6 now linked to the Lexile Framework 10M+ students receive a Lexile measure when they take a standardized reading assessment Book Distributors & Databases School/Public Libraries Baker & Taylor The Book Source Follett Library Services Follett Software Co. Ingram RRBowker Sundance Follett Software Company Follett Library Services Mackin Library Media Reading Motivation EBSCO Online Reader Hooked on Phonics HOSTS Scholastic Read180 Scholastic Reading Counts! Lexile.com Success for All

A non-proprietary standard Many ways (assessments) to place a student on the scale Many publishers have adopted the standard “Connects the year-to-year with the day-to-day.” Lexile.com

Lexile Overview and Theory Lexile.com

Three Key Concepts Reading Ability Readability Reading Comprehension the cognitive set students use to construct meaning from text as measured on tests Readability the difficulty of reading materials based on dimensions or characteristics of the text Reading Comprehension the construction of meaning from local text Lexile.com

Lexile Framework Components The Lexile Analyzer The Lexile Map Linking Technology Test of Reading Development Lexile.com

Determining text difficulty Syntactic Complexity the number of words per sentence longer sentences are more complex and require more short-term memory to process Semantic Difficulty the frequency of the words in a corpus of written text corpus has over one billion words Lexile.com

Placing texts on the map Lexile.com

Lexile Map for Oregon Department of Education NOTES: TWO VERSIONS OF THE LEXILE MAP NOW AVAILABLE ON OREGON DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION’S WEB SITE: ONE FOR EDUCATORS, WITH A LETTER FROM STATE SUPERINTENDENT SUSAN CASTILLO, AND ONE FOR PARENTS AVAILABLE FOR DISTRICTS TO CUSTOMIZE WITH THEIR OWN LETTER GE’S AS TEXT DEMAND PER GRADE LEVEL CUSTOMIZED MAP TEST TEXT AND DOUBLE JEOPARDY Lexile.com

John Grisham titles The Pelican Brief The Firm The Client The Testament A Time to Kill A Painted House The Partner The Street Lawyer The Brethren The Chamber The Rainmaker The Runaway Jury Lexile.com

John Grisham titles The Pelican Brief 660 The Firm 680 The Client 730 The Testament 770 A Time to Kill 770 A Painted House 780 The Partner 790 The Street Lawyer 790 The Brethren 810 The Chamber 810 The Rainmaker 830 The Runaway Jury 930 Lexile.com

Michael Crichton titles Rising Sun Disclosure Sphere Timeline Airframe A Case of Need The Lost World The Terminal Man Jurassic Park The Andromeda Strain Congo The Great Train Robbery Eaters of the Dead Lexile.com

Michael Crichton titles Rising Sun 540 Disclosure 590 Sphere 610 Timeline 620 Airframe 640 A Case of Need 650 The Lost World 670 The Terminal Man 690 Jurassic Park 710 The Andromeda Strain 840 Congo 940 The Great Train Robbery 1060 Eaters of the Dead 1090 Lexile.com

Lexiles and Newspapers Reuters NY Times Washington Post Wall Street Journal Chicago Tribune Associated Press USA Today Lexile.com

Lexiles and Newspapers Reuters (1440L) NY Times (1380L) Washington Post (1350L) Wall Street Journal (1320L) Chicago Tribune (1310L) Associated Press (1310L) USA Today (1200L) Lexile.com

Lexile Calculator Lexile.com

Lexile Calculator Forecasted comprehension rates: Reader measure – text calibration = O Lexiles, 75% comprehension Reader measure – text calibration = -250 Lexiles, 50% comprehension Reader measure – text calibration = +250 Lexiles, 90% comprehension Lexile.com

Lexile Calculator Can help you better deliver instruction by knowing in advance which students: are likely to need extra help with a lesson will understand the material on their own Lexile.com

Communicating with Parents Lexile.com

Communicating with Parents Don’t get too focused on numbers – ranges are important. Give examples of books and other text materials. Talk about where the student is now, but also where they are going! Lexile.com

Communicating with Parents Emphasize that the Lexile Framework does not address: interest, age appropriateness, text support, or text quality. It looks only at text difficulty – books should always be previewed. Lexile.com

Matching Readers and Text www.lexile.com Lexile.com

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Life Demands for Literacy Continuing Education Workplace Citizenship Lexile.com

Adult text demands 1100L to 1400L NOTES: SO THAT’S WHY WE CARE! CHILDREN START OUT AT BELOW 0 ON THE LEXILE SCALE AND WE WANT THEM AT 1200L OR HIGHER BY HIGH-SCHOOL GRADUATION DR. GARY WILLIAMSON DID A RECENT STUDY IN WHICH HE ASKED TWO DISALARMINGLY SIMPLE QUESTIONS: 1) WHAT IS THE TEXT DEMANS OF THE POST-SECONDARY ADULT WORLD, AND 2) HOW WELL-PREPARED ARE HIGH-SCHOOL GRADUATES FOR THESE DEMANDS? HIS CONCLUSIONS: 1) THERE IS A GAP, AND 2) A LARGE PERCENTAGE OF HIGH-SCHOOL GRADUATES ARE NOT PREPARED TO MEET THESE DEMANDS IN CONCLUSION, NOTICE HOW EASILY WE MOVE FROM READER TO TEXT AND BACK AGAIN – WE DO THIS BECAUSE OF THE CUTTING-EDGE SHOE STORE TECHNOLOGY – WE CAN MATCH READERS AND TEXT Lexile.com

The Questia 100 Frequency Lexile measure NOTES: 35 30 25 20 Frequency 15 NOTES: ECONOMISTS ESTIMATE THIS YEAR’S HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATE WILL HAVE 7 DIFFERENT JOBS BEFORE RETIREMENT – EACH REQUIRING RETRAINING SO, IT IS NOT JUST COLLEGE THE QUESTIA 100 INTERQUARTILE RANGE IS ____ TO _____. 10 5 < 1000L 1100L 1200L 1300L 1400L 1500L > 1500L Lexile measure Lexile.com Data: Lexile measures provided by Questia (2004)

Last Grade Completed • Last Grade Completed 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2+3+4 HS+ GED Vocational College<2 Assoc +>2 BA Postgrad • Last Grade Completed Reader measure (in Lexiles) Data: National Adult Literacy Study (1992) Lexile.com

Current Job • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 900 1100 1300 1500 scientist accountant • 14 teacher • 13 executive 12 • nurse 11 • supervisor 10 • sales 9 • 8 secretary • 7 foreman Job Level 6 • clerk 5 • craftsman 4 • construction 3 • service 2 1 • labor 700 900 1100 1300 1500 Reader measure (in Lexiles) Data: National Adult Literacy Study (1992) Lexile.com

Current Salary • 5 4 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 Log Income 5.2 5 4.8 4.6 4.4 4.2 4 3.8 • $5,000-$9,999 $10,000-$14,999 $15,000-$19,999 $20,000-$29,999 $30,000-$39,999 $40,000-$49,999 $50,000-$74,999 $75,000 + 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 Reader measure (in Lexiles) Data: National Adult Literacy Study (1992) Lexile.com

Lexiles and Lifelong Reading Aetna Health Care Discount Form (1360L) Medical Insurance Benefit Pkg (1280L) Application for Student Loan (1270L) Federal Tax Form W-4 (1260L) Installing Your Child Safety Seat (1170L) Microsoft Windows User Manual (1150L) G.M. Protection Plan (1150L) CD-DVD Player Instructions (1080L) Lexile.com

The Quantile Framework for Mathematics Developmental scale that locates an individual’s ability to think mathematically in a taxonomy of mathematical skills, concepts and applications. Tool that links skill development and concept acquisition in mathematics to student achievement with a common scale—Quantile Characterizes the problem solver with a measure and the skill/concept with a measure under a common scale Allows educators to: link skills and concepts together across strands to see the “big picture” in the development of curriculum determine the readiness of students to be successful Lexile.com

Three Components of The Quantile Framework Titles Database Linking Technology Quantile Map Test of Mathematical Achievement Instruction Core Reading Program Open Court Reading (SRA) Literature Anthology Classroom Literacy Trade Books and Teacher-Designed Classroom Magazine - Weekly Reader Computer Program - Scholastic Reading Counts! - CCC, Pearson At-Risk Program - Sprint Plus and Focus Reading List (District and State) Media Center Leveled Program - Reading Recovery and Shoebox Power Vocabulary Program Book Fairs and Books Clubs Assessment State Test No Child Left Behind Act, 2001 End-of-Grade (3-8) Other Standardized/Interim Tests TerraNova, SAT-9, MAT-8, NWEA, SRI, PASeries Title 1 Diagnostic Information - SDRT, Gates-MacGinitie Reading Inventory - Miscue Reading Analysis - DRA, QRI-3 Computer Lab Data - Scholastic Reading Inventory Grades From Cumulative Folder Teacher Judgment Lexile.com

Picturing Mathematics with the Quantile Map Lexile.com

QTaxons What is a QTaxon? Where did list of QTaxons come from? Strands Relationship to NCTM Content Strands Process Strands Lexile.com

Quantile Map Putting QTaxons on the Quantile Map Identify items that meet psychometric criteria Identify items that are representative of the QTaxon and match what is typically taught during the first lesson Relationship with supporting QTaxons Lexile.com

Quantile Website QTaxon Database State Curricular Frameworks Knowledge Cluster Sample/exemplar items Related terms and Concepts State Curricular Frameworks Mississippi Texas North Carolina Lexile.com

How to contact us — 1-888-LEXILES (1-888-539-4537) www.lexile.com Otis Fulton ofulton@lexile.com Lexile.com