Nationalism and Imperialism In the 19 th Century

A. Nationalism 1. Definition –a. Devotion to one’s national group –b. Does not always mean the COUNTRY you come from VS

B. Nation 1. Definition –a. A large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory. 2. Put it in your own words –a.___________________________________

C. Liberalism 1. Definition –a. a political orientation that favors social progress by reform and by changing laws rather than by revolution 2. In your own words a. People should be able to do whatever they want as long as it does not hurt others

D. Factors 1. Most nations in Europe did not have their own countries –a. Wanted to be united based on their similarities NOT land ownership –b. Similarities 1. Common Language 2. Common Culture 3. Similar background

1800

1900

February 25 th, 2014 Do Now: What are the 6 parts of Nationalism? Why are people going to be more devoted to their Nation – not necessarily their government? SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19 th century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I and many things that happen is our world today

E. Italy 1. Congress of Vienna –a. Spilt up Italy, some of it falling under Austrian Rule –b. European nationalist groups fought for their freedom from their leaders SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19 th century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I and many things that happen is our world today

E. Italy (cont’d) 2. Unification Movement –a. 2 Movements Young Italy Italian Unification Movement SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19 th century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I and many things that happen is our world today

E. Italy (cont’d) 2. Unification Movement –b Revolutions 1. In Italy they were inspired by the French and British who Revolted first 2. Piedmont –a. Italian city that was controlled by Austrian Rule after the Congress of Vienna –b. Former king declares war on Austrian Rule – They do not win the war »1. Learned that they need to unify to win against their rulers! SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19 th century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I and many things that happen is our world today

E. Italy 3. Red Shirts –a. Lead by the group Young Italy –b. Named after their uniforms –c. Formed the Kingdom of Italy All of the Southern States of Italy Joined with the Northern States in 1870 SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19 th century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I and many things that happen is our world today

E. Italy (cont’d) 4. Problems with the Catholic Church –a. Did not want ‘their’ people voting –b. Did not recognize the kingdom as a country –c. Did not agree with where the power lied SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19 th century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I and many things that happen is our world today

F. Germany 1. Confederation –a. 39 Separate States –b. Shared language and Culture 2. Zollverein –a. First step towards unification –b. Removed taxes of goods traded between the 39 German States –c. Joined German states economically

F. Germany 3. Otto von Bismarck –a – Prime Minister of Prussia State –b. Lead the Unification Movement –c. Realpolitik Base government on what really can be done not what you would like to happen –d. Built up the Prussian Army to help with the Unification

F. Germany 4. Austro-Prussian War –a. 7 week war between Austrian Kingdom and Prussian Kingdom –b. Outcome – Joined the northern States 5. Franco–Prussian War –a. Over the territory of Alsace and Lorraine located between France and Germany –b. Unified all of Germany

G. Austria-Hungary 1. Carlsbad –a. Created censorship in Austria –b. Keep power over their subjects 2. Dual Monarchy –a. Austrian leader Franz Joseph I signed a treaty with Hungary after A-P war 1. Compromise of Joined together under Austrian King –b. Problems 1. Austrians believed they were above Hungarians

H. Ottoman Empire 1. Declining Empire –a. “Eastern Question” – 1. What will happen if this empire fell? –b. Can it hurt the rest of the continent? 2. Young Turks –a. Group of teens who wanted Turkey to be its own country –b. End the empire

I. Russia 1. Development –a. Size –b. Temperature 2. Alexander II –a. Feudal System 1. Serfs 3. Alexander III –a. Cancelled all reforms –b. Began building the Trans-Siberian Railroad 4. Trans-Siberian Railroad –a. Built from 1890 – 1916 –b. Allowed for the transportation of goods, people and objects –c. Connected the countries as a whole

Nationalism in Europe RegionPositive EffectsNegative Effects ITALY1.States freed from Austria 2.States unified as kingdom 1.Ethnic conflicts continued 2.Catholic Church refused to recognize Italy as a nation AUSTRIAN EMPIRE 1.Dual Monarchy gave Austria and Hungary equal status 2.Laws passed to end ethnic discrimination 1.Ethnic conflicts continued 2.Anti-discrimination laws were ineffective OTTOMAN EMPIRE 1. Many territories gained independence 1. Series of wars destroyed population and resources GERMANY1.Unified country 2.Federalist government developed with power shared between state and national gov 3.Economy improved 1.Conflict between Catholic Church and gov 2.Formed European alliances that would ultimately lead to war RUSSIA1.Nicholas II passed democratic reforms 2.New constitution promised individual liberties 1.Protesters killed in Bloody Sunday attack 2.Pogrom of Jews claimed 150,000 lives

J. Imperialism 1. Definition –A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. –In your own words: The idea that one country takes over another based on racism or because they are more advanced or Social Darwinism 2. Economics –Raw materials from colonies –Control of sources Indonesian rubber Germany developed synthetic dyes

K. Imperialism in Africa 1. Berlin Conferences –a. Meeting in Berlin, Germany –b. European Nations came together to stake their claims on African land based on raw materials

K. Imperialism in Africa 2. Boer –a. People from the Netherlands who settled in Southern Africa to farm –b. War – Between the British Invaders from the North and those that lived there 2. British Won and took control of the land 3. British Control in South –a. Zulu people –b. Shaka –c. 1879

L. Imperialism in India 1. British East India Company – 1800 –a. Began as a trade organization between England, East Asia and India –b. Decline of the Mughal Empire –c. Introduced new language, education and WEAPONS –d. Banned traditional beliefs –e. Called British “Raj”

L. Imperialism in India 2. Sepoy Mutiny (Northern India) –a. New weapons used pork and beef fat in them –b. Sepoy people rebelled against their controllers –c. British won and took complete control of the area –d. “Jewel in Crown”

M. The Power of Empire Political system in the colonies? Lifestyle changes in the colonies? Moral issues –Slavery

The Power of Empire Slavery –British Empire versus Brazil ( ) Blockage of Brazilian ports –British Empire versus Zanzibar (1873) Threatened destruction of capital Did Britain have the right to enforce their opinion of moral values? What about American involvement in Iraq?