Colonial Regions Environment, Culture, and Migration.

The Three Regions  New England  Middle Colonies  Southern Colonies

New England Environment  Northern Eastern Woodlands  Very Short Growing Season  Long Cold Winters  Large Forests  On the Atlantic Ocean

 Self-Governing Charters  Town Meetings  The Mayflower Compact  The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut New England Government Massachusetts New Hampshire Connecticut Rhode Island

PRODUCTS  Subsistence Farming  Timber and Ship Building Supplies (Rope, Masts, Tar)  Dried Fish  Rum and other Manufactured Trade Goods PEOPLE  Puritans and Pilgrims who believed in working hard and following strict rules.  Merchants, Manufacturers, and Lawyers. New England Culture

Pilgrims and the Puritans

 Proprietary Charters  Religious Freedom and Tolerance  Freedom of the Press  Strong Courts Middle Colonies Government New York Pennsylvania New Jersey Delaware

Middle Colonies Environment  Lower Eastern Woodlands  Medium growing season and cold winters.  Many lakes and rivers for transportation.

PRODUCTS  Called the Bread Colonies  Farmed Wheat, Oat, Barley and Rye.  Made homespun products.  Traded very little. PEOPLE  People from: England, the Netherlands, France, Germany and others.  Puritans, Quakers (PENN), Anglicans, Catholics, and Jews. Middle Colonies Culture

Quakers

 Joint-Stock and Proprietary Charters.  The House of Burgesses  Colonies run for the profit of the Joint-Stock Company or Proprietors. Southern Colonies Government Maryland Virginia North Carolina South Carolina Georgia

ENVIRONMENT  Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains.  Long growing season and fertile land.  Warm for most of the year PRODUCTS  Farmed Tobacco, Rice, Indigo, and Cotton.  Trade “cash crops” farmed on Plantations.  Purchase manufactured goods. Southern Colonies Environment & Culture

Southern Colonies Culture  Anglicans  English Plantation Owners, Indentured Servants, Transported Criminals, and Slaves.

Southern Plantation

 A laborer under contract to work for an employer for a specific amount of time to pay off a passage to a new country.  Young men without a family.  Employer provided: food, clothing, housing, and training.  Skilled workers 4-7 years example: metal workers or farmers.  Unskilled workers 7+ years.  Contract complete they were free to go. Indentured Servants

Indentured Servant Contract  Told how long they were to work.  What they would get after working. – Money – Land – Free to leave at the end.

 Great Plague reduced number of men able and willing to work and live in Colonies.  Large fire in London that burned down nearly the entire city. Jobs were created during the rebuilding period. Decline in Indentured Servants

New Workers Needed  Decline in Indentured Servants.  Africans were brought over in larger numbers to work the fields.  Africans were chosen because they were able to resist diseases that Native Americans could not.  Triangular Trade

Slave Trade

Triangular Trade

Colonial Life for Women  Women took care of home and children as well as work with men when needed.  Women lost all property in marriage.