Chapter 12 SERVICES

Warm-Up Which of the following is NOT considered a main type of business service? A. financial B. recreational C. professional D. information

Davidsonville, MD 21035 Population: 7,305 Land Area: 1,481 square miles Avg. Income $175,345

Annapolis, MD 21403 Population: 38,620 Land Area: 7.18 square miles Avg Income $49,325

Washington D.C. 20001 Population: 632,323 Land Area: 61 square miles Avg Income $50,521

Which towns would be likely to have: Gas station? Fast-food restaurant? General practictioner? Shopping center? Shopping mall? Movie theater? Theater for plays and performances? Professional piano tuner? Lawyer for traffic court? Neurosurgeon? Thrift store? Lawyer for international litigation? Luxury fashion shop (e.g., Fendi, Prada, Versace)?

What is the “obvious” answer? More specialized services will be located in the larger city, while basic services will be found in every town. Which of the jobs mentioned are highly specialized? Which are more basic?

Range vs. Threshold High-Range services Specialized enough that people will travel great distances to use them. All people within the range are potential customers However, many services are so specialized that a low percentage of people within their range will actually use the service Examples?

Range vs. Threshold High-Threshold activities Can have low ranges Need a large population to support the business People will not travel very far for the service Service locates central to large populations Examples??

Agree or Disagree Primary sector jobs are more important than tertiary sector jobs. Primary sector workers are more specialized than tertiary and secondary workers. Tertiary jobs are more valuable than primary jobs. A teacher and a janitor are equally valuable in society. A banker is more valuable than a miner.

In your opinion: What is “real” work? Give a specific example (or two, or three…) and support your opinion!!

SERVICE Any activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it. Services are located in settlements A settlement is a permanent collection of buildings, where people reside, work, and obtain services Settlements occupy less than 1 percent of the Earth’s surface But they are home to most humans very few live in isolation

Industrial Location & Service Location Industry must be located to a balance of site and situation factors Optimal location for services is near their customers

KI 1:Where Did Services Originate? Three Types of Services Consumer services Business services Public services

Consumer Services ½ of all jobs in the U.S. are in consumer services Four main types are: Retail-15% of all U.S. jobs Education-10% of all U.S. jobs Health-12% of all U.S. jobs Leisure and Hospitality Services-10% of all U.S. jobs

Business Services Facilitate other businesses. 24% of all jobs in the U.S. are in the three types of business services: Financial Services-6% of all U.S. jobs “FIRE” Professional Services-12% of all U.S. jobs (1/2 in technical support; ½ in support services) Transportation and Information Services-6% of all U.S. jobs

Public Services Purpose: to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses. 17% of all U.S. jobs are in the public sector ¼ of public-sector employees work for the federal government ¼ state governments ¼ one of the local governments

Early Consumer Services

Until the invention of skyscrapers in the late 19th century, religious buildings were often the tallest structures in a community.

Settlements Places to house families, permitting males to travel farther and faster in their search for food. Women kept “home and hearth” Variety of consumer services expanded as people began to specialize. Settlements took on retail-service functions

Early Public Services Followed religious activities into early settlements Political leaders chose to live permanently in a settlement Good base from which the group could defend food sources WALLS! Settlements became citadels

Early Business Services Everyone in settlement needed food Safe place for trade of goods and services Trade facilitated by regulating transactions

Warm-UP: Summarize Write 3 sentences in response to the following questions: Where did services originate? Where are contemporary services located? Why are consumer services distributed in a regular pattern? Why do business services locate in large settlements?