Reconstruction Reconstruction- period during which the U.S. began to rebuild after the Civil War 13 th Amendment-1865 Abolished slavery

Plans for re-admission to the Union Lincoln’s Plan- 10% Plan Pardon all Confederate soldiers except Officers and those accused of war crimes Must swear allegiance to Union 10 % allegiance = New State Government  Send Reps to Congress

Plans for re-admission to the Union Radical Republicans Destroy political power of former slave holders African Americans full citizenship Right to vote Congressional Plan 5 Military Districts Granted African American men right to vote Ratify 14th Amendment in order to re-enter Union- citizenship

Plans for re-admission to the Union Johnson’s Plan Used Lincolns plan except  Excluded Officers and wealthy Plantation owners from oath of allegiance for voting privileges

Northern Politics  President Johnson v. Congress Civil Rights Act of gave citizenship Forbade states from passing discrimination laws Johnson vetoed Act Congress over-rode veto 1 st Legislation enacted over Presidential Veto 14 th Amendment States could not deny rights to citizens Defined citizen as “all persons born or naturalized in US”

Impeachment Tenure of Office Act- Cabinet officers couldn’t be removed during term of President that appointed them without 2/3 of Congress consent Johnson believed Unconstitutional Fired Sec. of War Stanton Impeached for not upholding Act Senate found Johnson NOT guilty

1868 Presidential Election Ulysses S. Grant 1868 elected President Won by 306,000 votes 500,000 African Americans voted 15th Amendment-1870 No person can be kept from voting because of “race, color, of previous condition of servitude.”

Southern Politics 3 main groups Scalawags Southerners that supported union during war Anti-slavery, anti-plantation Carpetbaggers Northerners that moved to south Economic reasons African Americans 90 % black men voted 1868 Ran for public office

Southern Economy Resources and land destroyed Confederate War Bonds- Worthless Population 1/5 men dead

Public Works Programs Built roads, bridges Orphanages and Mental Hospitals 1 st public school system in South Raised taxes (Slowed recovery)

The Collapse of Reconstruction Ku Klux Klan

Goals of the KKK Political Destroy Republican party Throw out Reconstruction Government Prevent Blacks from voting Economic Forced landowners to work for whites Couldn’t work outside agriculture Refused to hire or do business if voted Republican

Collapse of Reconstruction Enforcement Acts of 1870 Federal Supervision of elections Pres. had power to use Federal Troops in active KKK areas Amnesty Act- 160,000 former Confederates Regained right to vote Regained right to hold office

Election of 1876 Rutherford B Hayes- Republican Samuel J Tilden- Democrat Won popular vote 1 vote short in Electoral college Compromise of 1877 Hayes wins if….. Withdrawal of federal troops in south