Marine Environment Division International Maritime Organization IMO: Mitigating air pollution from ships Oceans Day Copenhagen 14 December 2009 Karin Sjolin-Frudd Senior Adviser Marine Environment Division International Maritime Organization 1 1

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) A specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1948 – working since 1958 169 Member States Mandated to develop and maintain a comprehensive regulatory framework for all aspects of shipping - 51 treaty instruments Safety, environment, legal matters, technical co-operation, maritime security, seafarer’s training and certification and efficiency of shipping   2

IMO’s environmental work Up to 1990’s the main emphasis was on prevention and control of pollution by oil, chemicals, sewage and garbage From then on: regulatory work expanded to atmospheric protection: prevention of air pollution and reduction of GHG emissions With the aim of protecting human health, reducing ocean acidification and combatting climate change

IMO’s role Focus on environment 51 treaty instruments 21 directly environment related 23 if environmental aspects of the Salvage and Wreck Removal Conventions are included

Reduction in serious oil spills (source: ITOPF)

Air pollution prevention MARPOL Annex VI Adopted in 1997 Regulates emissions of SOx, NOx and VOCs . MARPOL Annex VI revised Annex VI adopted in 2008, entry into force in 2010 Requires drastic and progressive reductions in NOx and SOx (and therefore in particulate matter) Emission Control Areas (ECAs) Another important environmental issue is that of air pollution. Annex VI of MARPOL deals specifically with this topic. It was adopted in 1997 and entered into force in May 2005 Among other things annex VI sets limits on sulphur oxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from ship exhausts and prohibit deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances. Although shipping only contributes a very small proportion of the noxious substances entering the world’s atmosphere it is considered important that the industry makes a contribution to global efforts to tackle this problem

IMO’S WORK ON GHG EMISSIONS Summary of Second GHG Study 2009 Carbon dioxide is the most important GHG emitted by ships International shipping: 2.7% of the global anthropogenic CO2 With no regulations, ship emissions may increase significantly as shipping grows with world trade – ACT NOW 7 7 7

IMO’S WORK ON GHG EMISSIONS The Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) has developed: Technical measures (Energy Efficiency Design Index – EEDI) Operational measures (Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan – SEEMP – and Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator – EEOI) And is considering a number of market-based mechanisms for further development. IMO is READY to take regulatory action on the technical and operational measures in 2010, provided… 8 8 8

IMO OBJECTIVES AT COP 15 THAT UNFCCC PARTIES CONTINUE ENTRUSTING IMO WITH THE REGULATION OF GHG EMISSIONS FROM INTERNATIONAL SHIPPING; AND THAT THE SUBSEQUENT IMO REGULATORY REGIME BE APPLIED TO ALL SHIPS

You are welcome to visit our exhibition booth at the Bella Centre for more material and information THANK YOU I thank you for your attention. www.imo.org 10 10