Mai, Layla, Emily

Natural gas drilling uses a process called ‘hydraulic fracturing’ or “fracking” TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) is the most harmful byproduct. Odorless The wastewater is disposed of in Pennsylvania’s municipal sewage plants and in some industrial treatment plants, which then discharge it into rivers and streams. The plants aren’t equipped to remove TDS or any of the chemicals the water may contain. Federal guidelines specifically recommend against sending drilling wastewater to ordinary sewage plants

100 – 125 A.D – “eternal fires” : gas escape from ground and ignited by lightening in Iraq 1821 – William A. Hart drilled first natural gas well 1800s- fuel for street lamps 1890s – street lamps were converted to electricity 1885 – Robert Bunsen invented the Bunsen burner Used for cooking and warming up buildings 1950s-1960s – after WWII, created long pipelines to carry gas from fields to central cities

Granberg, Al. "Hydraulic Fracturing." ProPublica. Web. 28 Nov

Created in 2005 – advocated by Dick Cheney Exempts hydraulic fracturing from the Safe Drinking Water Act Companies using this method do not have to disclose the chemicals they use to the public Authorizes the use of hazardous chemicals to “frack” Halliburton Loophole

Benefits some farmers – “Shaleionaires” Twice as much natural gas in the United States than oil in Saudi Arabia “Claimed” half the carbon emissions of coal and no mercury America owns the energy source (energy independence)

Water supply becomes tainted by high levels of toxic chemicals Too pricey and difficult to extract Safety/health of individuals above ground is at risk Human Error

Drilling creates jobs, is good for economy Should have some environmental regulation No severance tax- bad for industry Have local inspectors make sure things are safe Governor Corbett has received criticism about the amount of money he has accepted from oil and gas industries in support of his campaign (almost $1 million- his 4 th largest contributor)

Onorato: we should “utilize the Marcellus shale for job and industry growth while still holding big oil and gas accountable for their actions and protecting the environment.” Severance tax- average the tax of the other 20 states that have severance taxes for natural gas drilling (usually about 10%)

If drillers want to get natural gas, they should not be allowed to use chemical additives or fracking; must also comply with the Clean Water Act Strongly enforce environmental laws Severance tax of at least around 10% No drilling on public land without the permission of Pennsylvania voters Strict regulations to make sure water is not contaminated during drilling process Should invest in sustainable, clean energy instead of natural gas drilling

Anti-Drilling Natural gas drilling threatens public health by contaminating water supplies Gas companies should have to pay for cleaning the wastewater ($.25/gallon) Drillers should use water as efficiently as possible It’s okay to drill for natural gas, as long as it is done in a completely environmentally safe way

Pro-drilling Argue natural gas is clean-burning (better than coal) Creates tens of thousands of jobs Take “common sense” steps to protect environment The parties involved with drilling will clean up after themselves Helps Pennsylvania’s struggling economy

" Pennsylvania | ProPublica Drilling Tracker." ProPublica. Web. 28 Nov P ennsylvania G as D rilling S tatistics

f?POPUP_ENABLED=true

Within the last month, Pittsburgh passed legislation against gas drilling within city limits "An ordinance to PROTECT the health, safety, and welfare of residents/neighborhoods of Pittsburgh by banning the commercial extraction of natural gas within the city; establishing a bill of rights for Pittsburgh residents; and removing legal powers from gas extraction within the city."

Drilling for natural gas could disrupt the environment of many species native to Pennsylvania Wind power is another large threat in PA Around 11/13: 13,000+ gallons of frack water was spilled in Lycoming County In the past year: Rendell has tried to pass a Marcellus Shale natural gas tax that would create A 5 percent tax on sales of the extracted gas plus An additional 4.7 cents for every 1,000 cubic feet of gas produced. As of last week, there was no decision yet made

Pro Drilling Anti Drilling

There should be natural gas drilling in Marcellus Shale

The benefits of “fracking” outweigh the negative aspects.

Natural Gas is the best alternative to oil/coal

What is your solution to help make natural gas drilling better?

" Marcellus Shale Coalition." Marcellus Shale Coalition. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Nov "Corbett, Tom & Cawley, Jim." Follow The Money. FollowTheMoney.org, n.d. Web. 27 Nov "Green Party of Pennsylvania ::." Green Party of Pennsylvania ::. Green Party of Pennsylvania, n.d. Web. 28 Nov "Plan to Protect Pennsylvania's Environment with Leadership for the Future | Tom Corbett for Governor of Pennsylvania." Tom Corbett for Governor of Pennsylvania. Tom Corbett for Governor, n.d. Web. 28 Nov "Marcellus Shale top issue for Onorato, Corbett in gubernatorial race | The Times Leader, Wilkes-Barre, PA." Times Leader Wilkes-Barre | The Times Leader, Wilkes- Barre, PA. N.p., 28 Oct Web. 28 Nov

"EARTHWORKS - Senators, Representatives act to close Halliburton Loophole in the Safe Drinking Water Act." EARTHWORKS - Home. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Nov Lee, Stacy. "Munhall Opposes Drilling." TribLiveNews. N.p., 21 Oct Web. 28 Nov Murphy, Jan. "Former Gov. Tom Ridge to promote benefits of natural gas drilling in Pennsylvania | PennLive.com." Central PA Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - PennLive.com. N.p., 30 July Web. 28 Nov "Natural Gas News | HeatingOil.com." Save On Home Heating Oil | HeatingOil.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 Nov Sapien, Joaquin. "With Natural Gas Drilling Boom, Pennsylvania Faces Flood of Wastewater: Scientific American." Science News, Articles and Information | Scientific American. N.p., 9 Oct Web. 28 Nov "With Natural Gas Drilling Boom, Pennsylvania Faces an Onslaught of Wastewater - ProPublica." ProPublica. N.p., 3 Nov Web. 28 Nov Worden, Amy. "House passes gas drilling moratorium | Philly | 05/04/2010." philly.com: Philadelphia local news, sports, jobs, cars, homes. N.p., 4 May Web. 22 Nov Worden, Amy. "Pennsylvania legislators failing to make headway on Marcellus tax | Philadelphia Inquirer | 09/22/2010." philly.com: Philadelphia local news, sports, jobs, cars, homes. N.p., 22 Sept Web. 20 Oct

"Fossil Energy: A Brief History of Natural Gas." DOE. Web. 30 Nov