Indian Removal Act Who is Andrew Jackson?
Who is Andrew Jackson? Has a Bad Temper! War of 1812 Hero- Battle of New Orleans He destroyed the Native American forces in the South – helped win the war! Defeats JQA to be the 7th President Didn’t go to College! Worked as a Soldier, in Law, Land appraisal and Farmer, Politics… among many! Has a Bad Temper!
A Spoils System of Government Jacksonians – People who support A.J. There are a lot of them!!! After elected Jackson practiced the “Spoils System” Def.: The Practice of winning candidates’ rewarding their supporters with government Jobs. Jackson Fires 10% of Federal Employees and fills the spot with a Jackson supporter! IS THIS A GOOD or a BAD IDEA?
What does the US think about the Native Americans? 2 Ways of Thinking: 1) Displacement and Disposition What does this MEAN? 2) Assimilation Jackson doesn’t believe in #2
Indian Assimilation Option 1: Convert the Native Americans to Christianity, turn them into Farmers and absorb “White Culture”
Send Them Away!!!
Indian Removal Act Jackson begins to move by FORCE! Jackson thinks Assimilation CAN NOT work Only Solution was to move Tribes Further West Act Passed in 1930 Def. Law that forced Native Americans east of the Mississippi to move to lands further west negotiated by Government Treaties. “5 Civilized Tribes” of the Southwest: Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Creek and Chicksaw They began to Assimilate! Map Highlighted on pg 227 Jackson begins to move by FORCE!
Cherokees Fight Back! Try to “Fight” by using the Legal System! They Take The State of Georgia to Court— all the way to the Supreme Court! And they WIN!! Jackson says… “let him enforce it…” Treaty of Echota- Gave the Last 8 million acres of Cherokee land to the Government in exchange for $5 Million and Land West of the Mississippi. -This Marks the Beginning of the Mass Exodus
Trail of Tears October 1838-Cherokees are sent off in groups of 1,000 each. 800 mile Trip, mostly on foot –Mistreated Terrible winter storms kill many ¼ of their people died on the route Watch it…
Nationalism Vs. Sectionalism Getting closer to N and S Separating… Nationalism- The belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns. Sectionalism means…. WHAT THEN? Placing the interests of ones own region ahead of the interests of the nation as a whole. HOW IS THIS SEEN AS A PROBLEM?
Westward Expansion: Under JQA and Monroe Setting the US Boundary/ establishing Security: Adams-Onis Treaty: Spain gives up Florida and claims to Oregon Territory Monroe Doctrine: Warning for all to stay out of the Western Hemisphere (establishing new or overthrow) In addition- US will not involve itself in European Affairs. ***Violation would be seen as “DANGEROUS TO OUR PEACE AND SAFTY”****
Missouri Compromise Why move west? Escape debts, Find Money, Cheap Land! Moving west: Missouri wants to be a State! Background: 1818- 10 Free States… 10 Slave States Missouri- 11th Slave State? (Illinois-Alabama) But EVENTUALLY must be free! South- North is Ruining Slavery! North- South is trying to get Slavery in new States! Maine : Free- Missouri : Slave BUT: 36 31’ north latitude… No Slavery Above it from now on! For now…