Writing Essays for the AP World History Exam Document Based Question Change and Continuity Comparative

APWH essays 3 essays Doesn’t matter which essay you write first Label the essay so that a reader can figure out which one you are writing ½ or 50% of total test score and each essay is equally weighted Must not spent all of your time on one essay although the DBQ will take a little longer as you must read the documents Every single point count and even if you are running out of time you write whatever you can

Document Based Question Know the rubric Quickly tackle the documents to look for categories to form your thesis Draft your thesis and note your groups Draft your issue sentences (list the possible documents that relate to this issue) Find your evidence (from the documents) Make a quick list of the documents or devise a manner to determine when you have used all of the documents Tackle your documents again for POV (a 3rd time) Finish your outline, THEN write your essay

Rubric You can score 9 points on the DBQ. You can score 7 points on the Core. In you earn all 7 points on the core, you might be able to earn 2 bonus points. Don’t worry about the expanded core as it will be there if you follow the steps to writing the DBQ

Thesis If you don’t have a thesis or you have a really bad one it could cost you THREE points.

Using Documents EVERY DOCUMENT must be mentioned at least ONE time in your essay. You cannot “double-dip” for document points (besides mentioning them). You must use documents more than once for it to count more than once. Understanding means you interpret it correctly (discuss/analyze it). You then use the document as evidence. To get points for grouping, you only need to put it in a group.

Specific question: Start with thesis… If it includes dates, they are important – You must make your points inside the time frame. You can mention events outside the time frame but these will not get points. Should include the dates in the thesis statement Factors: Identify the time period or region or even the issue and you might have some clues. Start with systems (Social, Political, Economic, Cultural, Educational, and even Technology, Intellectual or Religious issues) then narrow down the issues within this system.

Attack the Documents and look for factors…that is your question and will guide your thesis… READ THE DOCS AND PULL OUT COMMON THEMES, CONCEPTS AND WRITE THEM AROUND EACH DOCUMENT

Attack the documents and look for issues and factors and common themes Attack the documents and look for issues and factors and common themes. That will shape your thesis. Fine tune the issues and factors by creating narrow categories Factors, factors? PEACE or nationalism???

Another Factors…factors… Nationalism or the economy!! Notice you might be able to use document in several categories

Continue identifying factors & issues Oh… this is also about making money – economics – earnings, profits, etc…2 documents make a group.

Thesis Think of your thesis in three parts… Answer the question that is asked in one sentences (this is your argument and what you assert). Indicate the grouping and categories that you will use to address the question. You will have more groups than just 3 – more later. Define your categories as to what you will address in each group (especially if it is a very broad category) by narrowing the category using words like type (of profits) methods (of earnings) Leave space around thesis so that as you write you can place new phrases or alter the thesis based on what you proved

One sentence and preferably at the end of the 1st paragraph. Thesis The initial goal of the modern Olympics planned in 1892 was to promote world peace, but from 1892 to 2002 issues such as corporate profit, the rise of nationalism and feminism, as well as cold war issues that required the demonstration of political and military power influenced the individual and overall goals of late 19th and 20th century Olympics. One sentence and preferably at the end of the 1st paragraph.

Improve this to get points

This also requires tweaking

More Thesis Information These are historical INFORMATIVE essays and the only thing that matters is if you use evidence to support your argument. You must make an assertion then prove your assertion

Application The initial goal of the modern Olympics planned in 1892 was to promote world peace, but from 1892 to 2002 issues such as corporate profit, the rise of nationalism and feminism, as well as cold war issues that required the demonstration of political and military power influenced the individual and overall goals of late 19th and 20th century Olympics. Group 1 concept Sentence Group 2 concept Sentence Group 3 concept Sentence Evidence from Docs and when possible POV Evidence from Docs and when possible POV Evidence from Docs and when possible POV Conclusion and if you have not done additional document do it NOW!!

Application The initial goal of the modern Olympics planned in 1892 was to promote world peace, but from 1892 to 2002 issues such as corporate profit, the rise of nationalism and feminism, as well as cold war issues that required the demonstration of political and military power influenced the individual and overall goals of late 19th and 20th century Olympics. One of the factors that shaped the Olympics was the rise of nationalism. Nationalism created a new role of women and the Olympics created an environment where this role could be promoted Nationalism sometimes dictated the demonstration of political and military power. Evidence from Docs and when possible POV Evidence from Docs and when possible POV Evidence from Docs and when possible POV Conclusion and if you have not done additional document do it NOW!!

Point of View must be analysis and not just a statement WHO/WHAT says it… WHAT does he/she say (this could be used as evidence to support your thesis) WHY does he/she say it (this is the POV and this is where you get POV points.

Examples

Point of View This is a POV.

No point for this because incorrect This is incorrect. The Cold War did not end in 1980.

You don’t have to do POV for every document Attempt to do POVs for EVERY document…Yes, every document. Do enough correctly and you get into the expanded core!!!!

Example of Point of View

Example of Point of View Willy Brandt, Chancellor of West Germany expressed great support for the ECC. Brandt stressed the importance of the ECC and how it might lead to lasting peace in Europe. According to Brandt, the ECC would be as significant to Europe as the Marshall Plan was; however, since Brandt made these comments at Harvard University, he might have chosen the American Marshall Plan to highlight so that he could better connect with the American audience (doc. 9).

Another example

Hints for POV Consider the following about each person Title, position, or job (economic motives, political motives, etc.) Male/female Country or religion of the person (in favor of country or historically doesn’t like people from a different country; supports or dislikes a religious group) Date the statement was made (around a war) Consider the type of document and why it was created… Political speech, diary entry, newspaper article) what type of paper) Maps, graphs, charts – who created it and why??? Pictures, paintings – who paid for it?

Additional document: Allows for another voice to be heard The additional document… Something that might change the outcome of your argument This is simple, if you do it right…you are really saying whose voice is NOT heard and what their voice would add to the discussion. Women Poor Those who “lost” Workers Ethnic Groups Look for obvious omissions

Where can I put the additional document? Officially, anywhere, but just like POV, about ½ of the “additional documents” are wrong, so I say include one per group – REMEMBER TO SAY WHY – ANALYSIS

Relate the factors to the Olympics Another one Relate the factors to the Olympics

Another prompt So any additional document would have to apply to attitudes toward technology…

Does this count?

Why does only one of these count?

Notice what counts here

Another example

All this counts…

Expanded Core Forget about it… You are going to provide POV for each document and at least 3 additional documents (one per group) – your Expanded Core is met!!!

Notice that they usually give the rubric..

DBQ Essay Writing In Brief 3 or more groupings Point of View (dates, writer, writer’s background) 3 types they can ask Comparison, cause and effect, continuity and change On the Documents Write grouping on top One sentence summary on right (important) P.O.V. on left Hi-light the date

DBQ Essay Writing In Brief Don’t rewrite the documents – show an understanding Grouping 2 Documents make a group All documents must be used (at least mentioned) Put document #s after you refer to them Thesis is a high bar issue – going to be graded tough Know centuries (18th = 1700s)

DBQ Essay Writing In Brief Important – Make sure you at least mention all documents even if you can’t interpret them (need to show a basic meaning for all of them except one or two) Use three groupings minimum If you do more they will look for three correct ones. If you have more than three correct ones, you get the bonus point Additional Document Good one is to use something from the present Additional documents get you into expanded core Try to blend additional documents into each argument

DBQ Essay Writing In Brief Steps and Techniques Write down numbers 1-10 and cross out as you use them Practice POV Practice groupings Include groupings in introduction Again; if you’re not sure where to group any documents, still refer to them, maybe in an extra paragraph in the end.

Change AND Continuity Over Time

Rubric Same as DBQ for thesis (groups and time period); the global issue is the topic Evidence – Rule of 3 – include three pieces of evidence (facts, dates, names, etc) to prove your thesis. These must be discussed and/or analyzed in order to count!!! What happened in the world that made this happen. Include something outside of the region. How/why was this a change? What happened? What was the process that led to change and how/why did some things STAY THE SAME?

Look closely at the prompt Know that something changed and something stayed the same or they would not have asked the question. Note the topic – formation of national identities. Time Period – what is the significance here (hint it has something to do with war) Specific countries in the region – do you know at least 3 countries in each of the regions? What about empires in the region and time period. If no, learn them before the test.

Regions Middle East – Egypt, Israel, Iran, Iraq, Turkey Southeast Asia – Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Indonesia, Malaysia Sub Sahara Africa – Nigeria, Sudan, Ethiopia, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa

Brainstorm

Map it out – Outline, tables, graphics Thesis – follow same rules – groups; include time period; answer question; provide broad defining categories about what changed and what stayed the same over time; include key changing event What it was like at the beginning? What were the key changing phenomena or events What was like after the change? Evidence of what the conditions were like Why did the key event occur (relate to phenomena) and how did it cause change What was the same and what was different as must address continuity also Now either here or in the conclusion state how the event caused changed Conclusion and make sure that the issues of the first paragraph are the same as the issues in the last paragraph.

Common Mistakes Wrong Regions Wrong Time periods Not saying what stays the same No/little analysis – what did change and why did they NOT change Make a global or world connection – mention something that is happening in another region or something that is worldwide Not addressing the question (or all parts of the question)

Compare and Contrast

Rubric Comparison means to say what is the same and what is different This says at LEAST on – you need THREE – Rule of 3!!! Analyze means to say why – why is there a difference or similarity

Tackle the question

Brainstorm

Format of essay Remember you only get points for pointing out the similarities and differences. Consider the following…

Where are you going to compare and contrast??? Problems… Where are you going to compare and contrast???

More problems Can work, but not always

This requires a lot of prewriting – if you have time, do this but not using the broad social, economic or political categories. Narrow them to themes and concepts Best format

Try to map it out or use tables or outline Thesis – Same as before – address question, use groups, include time period if noted and give defining categories Political (in a more defining category) Goals and Outcomes Political (in a more defining category) Goals and Outcomes Political (in a more defining category) Goals and Outcomes Evidence Evidence Evidence Conclusion with some historical context

Common problems Describing the two things/events separately (with great evidence) but never comparing and/or contrasting – NO POINTS FOR DESCRIBING Confusing dates, people, and places Running out of time and not finishing

GENERAL PROBLEMS NOT ADDRESSING THE PROMPT SIMILAR BUT NOT DIFFERENT CHANGE BUT NOT CONTINUITY LOSING FOCUS GIVING UP GOOD LUCK AND NEVER, NEVER, NEVER, GIVE UP