Fostering Open Access: Strategies and Activities of SNSF Open Access Day at EPFL, October, 24, 2013 Dr Daniel Höchli, Director of the Administrative Offices

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Contents 1.Towards a new publication system 2.Open Access: principles and policy of SNSF 3.Outlook and discussion: Open Science

SNSF Research creates knowledge. 1. Towards a new publication system

SNSF Research creates knowledge. The traditional publication system Researchers Publishers FundersInstitutions organising peer review, copy editing, printing providing access grants; subsidising print of monographs paying subscription fees submission of papers; effecting peer review Libraries

SNSF Research creates knowledge. A Tom Sawyer Economy ? Publishers making profits out of the unpaid labor of authors, editors and referees Competition between libraries and publishers on public funds Big deals improved access to research results, but leading to inefficiency and profit maximisation in the long run Digitalisation enables cost-saving publishing what requires new business models Odlyzko (2013):

SNSF Research creates knowledge. The green road (self-archiving) Researchers Publishers FundersInstitutions organising peer review, copy editing, printing submission; effecting peer review running grants; subsidising print of monographs; OA mandate paying subscription fees Repositories providing access Readers self-archiving paying access fees Libraries

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Does the green road work well ? Researchers are reluctant to self-archive Constraints set by publishers Quality assurance and citing issues related to different versions (pre-prints, post-prints, Publishers pdfs) Subscription fees persist on high level Additional costs to run repositories

SNSF Research creates knowledge. The gold road Researchers Publishers Funders Institutions organising peer review, copy editing, print on demand effecting peer review; submission; paying APCs subsidising APCs Readers grants including subsidies for APCs; subsidising OA monographs ? block grants ? providing access Libraries paying membership fees for all affiliated researchers

SNSF Research creates knowledge. The diamond road Researchers Publishers Funders Institutions organising peer review, copy editing, print on demand effecting peer review; submission; paying APCs subsidising APCs Readers grants including subsidies for APCs; subsidising OA monographs ? block grants ? providing access Libraries paying membership fees for all affiliated researchers new cost-saving publishing models

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Will the gold road work well ? Researchers are reluctant to publish in Open Access Strategic attitude of publishers to save profits: double-dipping with hybrid models Replacing expensive subscription fees by expensive article processing charges (APCs) ? Doubts about quality assurance (authors pay APCs for beeing published)

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Assuring authors of OA is important

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Why are researchers reluctant to publish in Open Access ? Impact factor critical for career development Costs for OA publishing Quality and reliability of OA journals No remuneration for researchers publishing in OA (e.g. books, educational material)

SNSF Research creates knowledge. What is needed ? Improving reputation of OA journals by e.g. convincing renouned senior researchers to publish in OA journals Supporting measures to cover costs for OA publishing Quality assurance mechanisms for repositories and OA journals Incentives for researchers to publish in OA; e.g.: additional value by additional services consideration for evaluation

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Positions in the transition process Publishers: still searching for their future role prevalent resistance to systemic change start engaging with new business models Scientific Community: limited public funds and changing cash flows cost-saving publishing models to prefer no responsibility to save publishers

SNSF Research creates knowledge. 2. OA: principles and policy of SNSF

SNSF Research creates knowledge. SNSF’s princples regarding Open Access Green Road and Gold Road as well as any other emerging strategy for the transition to full Open Access are welcome, if they contain: Free choice of researchers where to publish Quality assurance mechanisms (e.g. peer review) Highest access and dissemination of research results Cost-saving publication models

SNSF Research creates knowledge. SNSF’s commitment to Open Access SNSF is committed to promote Open Access in his own sphere of competence together with his national and international partners

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Open Access mandate since 2008 All research results funded by the SNSF (publications) Monographs and editions exempt from OA provisions Self-archiving (green road): repository or web If possible: publisher’s pdf or post-print before pre- print (quality assurance, citation ability) If OA publication is verifiably impossible by reason of technical, legal or contractual obstacles: inform SNSF (obligation fulfilled)

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Revised Open Access policy of SNSF (as of 1 October 2013) SNSF encourages researchers to opt for the Gold Road where possible (no obligation to the Gold Road). Costs of publication in a purely OA journal with an academically acknowledged level of quality can be claimed from the agreed project funding up to a limit of CHF 3000 per publication during the project lifetime. Hybrid models are excluded. Coming into effect on 1 October 2013 and provisionally limited until 31 December Applies equally to projects that are already running on 1 October Green Road: embargo periods should preferably not exceed 6 months in general

SNSF Research creates knowledge. International coordination Science Europe working groups on Open Access to publications and to research data Global Research Council Action Plan on Open Access

SNSF Research creates knowledge. 3. Outlook and discussion: Open Science

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Development towards Open Science gains political support OA-Days 1./ Hamburg «Open Access shouldn’t be considered as an isolated topic, but as part of an overall development towards Open Science. Just the contextualisation of Open Access publications with research data and Open Educational Material, embedded in social networks breaks the ground.»

SNSF Research creates knowledge. e.g. ResearchGate.net platform built by scientists for scientists in 2008 to share publications and data, to connect, discuss and collaborate with colleagues, providing statistics and metrics about research, offering research-focused job board over 3 million researchers have already joined sharing over 50 million abstracts and over 11 million full texts -> Open Science ? signing-up restricted to researchers no public access to research results

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Open Science: a realistic vision ? Funders Institutions Readers grants including support for publishing activities submitting effecting quality control publishing providing access discussing collaborating assessing / ranking providing access supporting services Libraries Providers running / paying for supporting Services contributing to supporting services ? Researchers in social networks

SNSF Research creates knowledge. SNSF web dossier Dossier Open Access: access.aspx Person in charge of Open Access: F.

SNSF Research creates knowledge. Thank you for your attention