Transition Metals Chapter 24

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Gemstones The colors of _______ and ___________ are both due to the presence of _______; the difference lies in the crystal hosting the ion. Some Al 3+ ions in Al 2 O 3 are replaced by Cr 3+. Some Al 3+ ions in Be 3 Al 2 (SiO 3 ) 6 are replaced by Cr 3+.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. The properties of the transition metals are similar to each other. – And very different from the properties of the main group metals – High ____________, high __________, moderate to very hard, and very good ___________________ The similarities in properties come from similarities in _________________________; they generally have ____ valence electrons. Properties and Electron Configuration of Transition Metals

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Atomic Size The atomic radii of all the transition metals are very ______. – Small __________ in size down a column The ____ transition series atoms are about the same size as the _______. – The ____________________ is the __________ in expected _______________for the third transition series atoms that come after the lanthanides.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Complex Ions When a _______________ combines with multiple ________________ or __________ molecules it makes a ________________. The attached ___________ or ________ molecules are called _____________. The charge on the complex ion can then be ___________________, depending on the _________________________ attached.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Coordination Compounds When a complex ion combines with __________ to make a _____________ it is called a _____________________. The ____________is the ___________of the metal. The ________________ is the number of ligands bonded to the metal. – ____________________ Coordination numbers range from ______, with the most common being _______. CoCl 3 6H 2 O = [Co(H 2 O) 6 ]Cl 3

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Coordination Compound

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Complex Ion Formation Complex ion formation is a type of __________________________. A bond that forms when the _____________is donated by _________ is called a ______________________.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Ligands with Extra Teeth Some ligands can form more than one coordinate covalent bond with the metal atom. – Lone pairs on different atoms that are separated enough so that both can bond to the metal A __________ is a complex ion containing a ________________. – The ligand is called the ________________.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Ligands

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. EDTA – A Polydentate Ligand

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Complex Ions with Polydentate Ligands

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Geometries in Complex Ions

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Naming Coordination Compounds 1.Determine the name of the _____________. 2.Determine the ___________ and list them in _______________. 3.Determine the name of the _____________. 4.Name the complex ion by: a) Naming each ligand alphabetically, adding a prefix in front of each ligand to indicate the number found in the complex ion b) Following with the name of the metal cation 5.Write the name of the cation followed by the name of the anion.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Ligands

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Common Metals found in Anionic Complex Ions

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Sample Problems Name (a) [CrCl 2 (NH 3 ) 4 ] + and (b) K[PtBrCl 2 NH 3 ]. Write the formula for (a) triamminechlorodinitrito- O-platinum(IV) ion and (b) sodium hexanitrito-N- cobaltate(III).

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Biomolecules

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Extraction of metals from ores – Silver and gold as cyanide complexes – Nickel as Ni(CO) 4 (g) Use of chelating agents in heavy metal poisoning – EDTA for Pb poisoning Chemical analysis – Qualitative analysis for metal ions Blue = CoSCN + Red = FeSCN 2+ Ni 2+ and Pd 2+ form insoluble colored precipitates with dimethylglyoxime. Applications of Coordination Compounds

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Commercial coloring agents Prussian blue = mixture of hexacyanoFe(II) and Fe(III)  Inks, blueprinting, cosmetics, paints Applications of Coordination Compounds

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Biomolecules Porphyrin ring Applications of Coordination Compounds

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Copper(II) Porphyrin

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Biomolecules Cytochrome C Hemoglobin Applications of Coordination Compounds

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Biomolecules Chlorophyll Applications of Coordination Compounds

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Applications of Coordination Compounds Carbonic anhydrase – Catalyzes the reaction between water and CO 2 – Contains tetrahedrally complexed Zn 2+

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Applications of Coordination Compounds Drugs and therapeutic agents – Cisplatin Anticancer drug