What is Thermal Bridging? A reduction of the effectiveness of insulation to reduce conductive heat flow through the building envelope otherwise know as “heat loss” Concrete, steel reduce the thermal effectiveness of insulation by up to 50% Wood reduces the thermal effectiveness of insulation by 15 to 20% Windows may reduce the effectiveness by 30% Heat loss means inefficient energy use How do we fix this problem? - Reduced Thermal Bridging

How do we reduce Thermal Bridging? Better application of thermal insulation –More insulation –Installed properly – Grade 1 –Reduce the areas where it can be bridged How? –Advanced Framing or OVE

O PTIMUM V ALUE E NGINEERING TYPICALLY CALLED “OVE” “OVE” IS A SERIES OF CHOICES, NOT A METHOD OF WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION ADVANCED FRAMING USES THE “OVE” CONCEPT

WHAT IS THE OVE CONCEPT? O PTIMUMBest or most favorable condition / best result V ALUERelative worth, merit, or usefulness / equivalent return E NGINEERINGArt and science of practical application

WHY USE OVE? Improve current project quality Eliminate unnecessary costs Reduce initial cost Reduce life cycle costs Solve existing problems

OVE EXAMPLES YOU ARE USING 2x4 vs 2x6 Framing 16” vs 19.2” vs 24” Framing centers Trusses vs Stick framed roof Solid sawn floor vs Engineered floor system OSB vs Plywood vs Insulating Sheathing

WHAT IS ADVANCED FRAMING? The O ptimum use of wood framing Provides the most V alue per unit cost The most practical E ngineered application of a wood frame

Align framing Members To provide material efficiency

Stack Framing Concept

Wall Framing Elevation

Single Top Plate Connections

Inset Rim Joist

Insulated Header Options

Trussed Header

Exterior Corner Framing Options

Interior Partition Framing Options

Stretch Code Requirements New Thermal Enclosure Checklist (THE) will be a requirement for Stretch Code in From Energy Star 3, which includes new section 4 below Reduced Thermal Bridging: 4.1 Raised-heel truss or equivalent framing / insulation method used in the attic HVAC and other attic platforms installed to allow for full-depth insulation below 4.3 Reduced thermal bridging at walls using one of the following options: –4.3.1 Continuous rigid insulation sheathing, insulated siding, or combination of the two; –> R-3 in Climate Zones 1-4, > R-5 in Climate Zones 5-8 9,10, OR; –4.3.2 Structural Insulated Panels (SIPs), OR; –4.3.3 Insulated Concrete Forms (ICFs), OR; –4.3.4 Double-wall framing11, OR –4.3.5 Advanced framing, including all of the items below: 4.3.5a All corners insulated > R-6 to edge12, AND; 4.3.5b All headers above windows & doors insulated13, AND; 4.3.5c Framing limited at all windows & doors14, AND; 4.3.5d All interior / exterior wall intersections insulated15, AND; 4.3.5e Minimum stud spacing of 16" for 2 x 4 framing and 24" for 2 x 6 framing unless construction documents specify other spacing is structurally required16

Cost Implications of Advanced Framing Architecture Studs, Plates, Headers Sheathing Mechanical Fasteners Training Frame Labor Drywall labor Insulation NET RESULT Not more if done at start Significant savings – 25% More - 5/8” vs. 1/2” More –Plates, clips, hangers More – retrain framing crew Should be less A little more A little more, but this is the end goal Eventually 10-20% savings

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