Father of Psychoanalysis

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Presentation transcript:

Father of Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud Father of Psychoanalysis

History Vienna, Austria Studied medicine & neurology during late 1800s Opened practice in Vienna and treated many women with hysteria Moved to England to escape Nazi persecution and died in 1939

Theory of the Unconscious Conscious- aware Unconscious- unaware Free Association- technique of psychoanalysis in which patients are encouraged to talk freely(interpretation, resistance, transference) Unconscious

3 Divisions of the Mind Ego- reality principle, policy of satisfying desires only if there is a socially acceptable outlet Id- pleasure principle, satisfy desires and avoid pain SuperEgo- applies moral restrictions

3 Divisions of the Mind SuperEgo Id Ego

Defense Mechanisms If the Id and SuperEgo clash the result is anxiety The Ego uses defense mechanisms to reduce this anxiety Rationalization- hiding true feelings by making up excuses Denial- refusing to recognize

Defense Mechanisms Repression- pushing unacceptable feeling into the unconscious Projection- attribute your own unacceptable behavior onto others Reaction Formation- substituting feelings/behaviors that are direct opposite of unacceptable ones

Defense Mechanisms Displacement- transferring feelings to an object or other person Sublimation- redirecting forbidden desire into a social acceptable way Regression- reverting to child-like behavior

5 Psychosexual Stages First 5 yrs are most important in personality of development Each stage is centered around a libido= sexual energy which can be any form of pleasure Fixation can occur in the first 3 stages

5 Psychosexual Stages Oral: birth to 18mo. Anal: 1 ½- 3yr. Libido = mouth: sucking, chewing, biting Fixation- overeating, smoking, gum chewing Anal: 1 ½- 3yr. Libido = anus Fixation-anal retentive (behaving rigidly) or anal expulsive (messy, carefree)

5 Psychosexual Stages Phallic: 3-6yr Libido= genitals Oedipus Complex (boys) & Electra Complex (girls)- child competes with same sex parent for affections of the opposite parent Castration Anxiety Penis Envy Fixation: Boys- prove toughness, Girls- inferiority complex

5 Psychosexual Stages Latency: 7 to puberty Repression of sexual thoughts Same-sex friends Genital: puberty to adulthood Renewed sexual desires that are fulfilled through relationships with others