Muscles and Levers Chapter 15, section 3.

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Presentation transcript:

Muscles and Levers Chapter 15, section 3

Kinds of Muscle Skeletal muscle = muscles attached to bone Smooth muscle = involuntary muscles inside many internal organs (found in your digestive tract and walls of blood vessels) Cardiac muscle =heart muscle, involuntary

Kinds of Muscle Involuntary = muscle not under your control Example: smooth and cardiac (digestion and pumping your blood) Voluntary = muscle you control Example: skeletal (jumping up and down)

Movement Tendons are strands of connective tissue that attach muscles to bones. When a muscle gets shorter or contracts, the two bones it is connected to move closer. Muscles often work in pairs to produce controlled motions.

Movement The muscle that bends part of your body is a flexor. The muscle that straightens part of your body is an extensor.

Levers in the Body Read Page 478 and write down a definition for the following words: Lever Fulcrum Effort Force Load Mechanical Advantage

Levers in the Body Lever = rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point Fulcrum = fixed point Effort Force = force applied to the lever Load = force that resists the motion of the lever Mechanical Advantage = an increase in the amount of work that can be done with a lever.

Match the Body Parts Bone is the…. LEVER! Joint is the… FULCRUM! Muscle is the… Effort Force! Now give an example of a lever system in your body, be sure to label what is the lever, fulcrum, etc.

Three Classes of Levers The type of lever is determined by the location of the fulcrum, in relation to the load and the effort force.

Raising up on the balls of your feet Class Picture Example 1st Tilting the neck 2nd Raising up on the balls of your feet 3rd Lifting a book with your arm

Use it or Lose it Exercised muscles are stronger and longer than those that are not used. Strong muscles can also help squeeze blood to the heart.

Use it or Lose it Resistance Exercise strengthens skeletal muscles by working against a weight. Aerobic Exercise increases the muscle strength of the heart and increases endurance.

Muscle Injury Read page 481 and explain the terms Strain = when a muscle or tendon is over stretched or torn. Usually happens because of an inadequate warm-up Tendonitis = an inflammation of the tendon that did not heal after a strain. Anabolic Steroids = drugs that make muscles stronger and damage the heart, liver, kidneys, and can stop bone growth.