As a cell becomes larger, its volume increases faster than its surface area. surface area increases faster than its volume. volume increases, but its surface area stays the same. surface area stays the same, but its volume increases. 1 2 3 4 5

As a cell grows, it places more demands on its DNA. uses up food and oxygen more quickly. has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell membrane. all of the above 1 2 3 4 5

If the surface area of a cell increases 100 times, its volume increases about 2 3 4 5

The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell depends on the cell’s ratio of surface area to volume. environment. volume. surface area. 1 2 3 4 5

All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT DNA overload. excess oxygen. obtaining enough food. expelling wastes. 1 2 3 4 5

Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble dividing. producing daughter cells. moving needed materials in and waste products out. making copies of their DNA. 1 2 3 4 5

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called cell division. metaphase. interphase. mitosis. 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is NOT a way that cell division solves the problems of cell growth? Cell division provides each daughter cell with its own copy of DNA. Cell division increases the mass of the original cell. Cell division increases the surface area of the original cell. Cell division reduces the original cell’s volume. 1 2 3 4 5

If a normal cell divides, you can assume that its surface area has become larger than its volume. its volume has become larger than its surface area. it has grown to its full size. it has grown too large to meet its needs. 1 2 3 4 5

If a cell’s DNA were not copied before cell division, the cell could have a DNA overload. become cancerous. fail to exchange materials. divide. 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following happens when a cell divides? The cell’s volume increases. It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients. The cell has DNA overload. Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell’s DNA. 1 2 3 4 5

When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible? only during interphase only when they are being replicated only during cell division only during the G1 phase 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is a phase in the cell cycle? G1 phase G2 phase M phase all of the above 1 2 3 4 5

Which pair is correct? G1 phase, DNA replication G2 phase, preparation for mitosis S phase, cell division M phase, cell growth 1 2 3 4 5

When during the cell cycle is a cell’s DNA replicated? G1 phase G2 phase S phase M phase 1 2 3 4 5

Which event occurs during interphase? The cell grows. Centrioles appear. Spindle fibers begin to form. Centromeres divide. 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle? Little happens during the G1 and G2 phases. DNA replicates during cytokinesis. The M phase is usually the longest phase. Interphase consists of the G1 , S, and G2 phases. 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle? Interphase is usually the longest phase. DNA replicates during the S phase. Cell division ends with cytokinesis. The cell grows during the G2 phase. 1 2 3 4 5

Cell division is represented in Figure 10–1 by the letter A. B. C. D. Figure 10-1 1 2 3 4 5

The cell cycle is the series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide. period of time between the birth and the death of a cell. time from prophase until cytokinesis. time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis. 1 2 3 4 5

Figure 10–2

The structure labeled A in Figure 10–2 is called the centromere. centriole. sister chromatid. spindle. 1 2 3 4 5

The structures labeled B in Figure 10–2 are called centromeres. centrioles. sister chromatids. spindles. 1 2 3 4 5

prophase and metaphase metaphase only anaphase and interphase During which phase(s) of mitosis are structures like the one shown in Figure 10–2 visible? anaphase and prophase prophase and metaphase metaphase only anaphase and interphase 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is a phase of mitosis? cytokinesis interphase prophase S phase 1 2 3 4 5

The first phase of mitosis is called prophase. anaphase. metaphase. interphase. 1 2 3 4 5

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell? prophase telophase metaphase anaphase 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following represents the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence? prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase interphase, prophase, metaphase, telophase prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis 1 2 3 4 5

What is the role of the spindle during mitosis? It helps separate the chromosomes. It breaks down the nuclear membrane. It duplicates the DNA. It divides the cell in half. 1 2 3 4 5

The two main stages of cell division are called mitosis and interphase. synthesis and cytokinesis. the M phase and the S phase. cytokinesis and mitosis. 1 2 3 4 5

One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have centrioles. centromeres. a cell plate. chromatin. 1 2 3 4 5

During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing two chromosomes. four chromosomes. eight chromosomes. sixteen chromosomes. 1 2 3 4 5

What happens when cells come into contact with other cells? They divide more quickly. They stop growing. They produce cyclins. They produce p53. 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is a factor that can stop normal cells from growing? contact with other cells growth factors a cut in the skin cyclin that has been taken from a cell in mitosis 1 2 3 4 5

When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing. Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show? When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing. The controls on cell growth and division can be turned on and off. Cell division can be regulated by factors outside the cell. all of the above 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have covered the bottom of the dish? The cells lack cyclin. The petri dish inhibits cell growth. Contact with other cells stops cell growth. Most cells grown in petri dishes have a defective p53. 1 2 3 4 5

When cytoplasm from a cell that is undergoing mitosis is injected into a cell that is in interphase, the second cell stays in interphase. enters mitosis. stops making cyclin. loses its p53. 1 2 3 4 5

In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by the centrioles. cyclins. the spindle. all of the above 1 2 3 4 5

Cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that regulate the cell cycle. produce p53. cause cancer. work to heal wounds. 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following regulate(s) the cell cycle? growth factors cyclins p53 all of the above 1 2 3 4 5

Which of the following is an internal regulator of the cell cycle? cyclins growth factors the mitotic spindle cancer cells 1 2 3 4 5

Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their size. spindle fibers. growth rate. surface area. 1 2 3 4 5

Cancer cells form masses of cells called tumors. cyclins. growth factors. p53. 1 2 3 4 5

A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to divide regularly. stop dividing. accumulate chromosomal damage. combat tumors. 1 2 3 4 5

Cancer affects humans only. most unicellular organisms. multicellular organisms. unicellular organisms. 1 2 3 4 5

What is a tumor? an accumulation of cyclins a mass of cancer cells the rapidly dividing cells found at the site of a wound a defective p53 gene 1 2 3 4 5

As a cell’s size increases, its ratio of surface area to volume increases. _________________________ True False 1 2 3 4 5

As a cell’s size increases, it places more demands on its DNA True False 1 2 3 4 5

The smaller a cell is, the more difficult it is for the cell to move enough materials across its cell membrane. _________________________ True False 1 2 3 4 5

Cell division solves the problem of cell growth by increasing cell volume. _________________________ True False 1 2 3 4 5

An imaginary cubic cell with a side length of 10 mm would have a ratio of surface area to volume of 6 : 10. _________________________ True False 1 2 3 4 5

Most of a cell’s growth takes place during the phase of the cell cycle True False 1 2 3 4 5

A cell’s chromosomes are replicated during interphase True False 1 2 3 4 5

If it takes a cell one hour to undergo mitosis, about 50 minutes of the time would be spent in prophase. _________________________ True False 1 2 3 4 5

Figure 10–2

The structure shown in Figure 10–2 is a replicated chromosome True False 1 2 3 4 5

Typically, the longest phase of mitosis is metaphase True False 1 2 3 4 5

A cell splits into two daughter cells during telophase True False 1 2 3 4 5

Normal cells stop growing when they come into contact with other cells True False 1 2 3 4 5

Proteins called cyclins help regulate the cell cycle True False 1 2 3 4 5

Cancer is a disorder in which some of the body’s cells lose the ability to control growth and division. _________________________ True False 1 2 3 4 5

Lack of control over mitosis is the cause of all cancers True False 1 2 3 4 5

Participant Scores Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 1 Participant 2 Participant 3 Participant 4 Participant 5

The larger a cell becomes, the ____________________ efficiently it is able to function. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Before a normal cell becomes too large to carry out normal activities, it will usually divide to form two ____________________ cells. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

The process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells is called _________________________. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Together, the G1 phase, S phase, and G2 phase are called ____________________. 3 4 5 0 of 5

Another name for cell division is the ____________________ phase. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

A cell that has 5 chromosomes in the G1 phase will have ____________________ chromatids in the G2 phase. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

The number of sister chromatids in a human body cell that is entering cell division is ____________________. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Figure 10–3

The structure labeled A in Figure 10–3 is called the _________________________. 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

The process shown in Figure 10–3 occurs only in ____________________ cells that have just divided. 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Look at Figure 10–3. The process shown occurs directly following mitosis. This process is called ____________________. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

During metaphase, each chromosome is connected to a(an) _________________________ at its centromere. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

If a normal cell is touched on all sides by other cells and is injected with cyclin from a dividing cell, it probably will ____________________. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Proteins called ____________________ regulate the timing of the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Proteins that regulate the cell cycle based on events inside the cell are called ____________________ regulators. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

In all forms of ____________________, the cancerous cells fail to respond to the signals that regulate the cell cycle of most cells. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

List two problems that growth causes for cells. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

How might you test the effects of cell size on the extent of diffusion? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

What effect does cell size have on a cell’s ability to efficiently carry out its activities? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

How does cell division solve the problems of excessive cell growth? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Figure 10–1

The main events of the cell cycle are labeled A, B, C, and D in Figure 10–1. Name these events. Then, briefly state what happens during each event. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Describe how a plant cell produces a new cell wall during cytokinesis. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Distinguish between chromatids and chromatin. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Many injuries to the skin heal completely, whereas injuries to the spinal cord, which is made up mainly of nerve cells, may result in paralysis. What characteristic of the two types of cells in these body parts accounts for this difference? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Identify a factor that can stop cells from growing. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

What effect do the cells surrounding a normal cell have on the cell’s growth and division? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

The level of cyclins in a cell increases during the M phase of the cell cycle. What might happen to a cell if no cyclins were present during the M phase? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Name two factors that help regulate the timing of the cell cycle. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

How do cancer cells differ from normal cells? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. How would you expect cancer cells to behave in this situation? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

A scientist suspects that a given cell is cancerous even though it has not yet formed a tumor. How might the scientist test the cell to see if it is cancerous? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Relate ratio of surface area to volume to cell growth and cell division. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

What kinds of problems does growth cause for cells What kinds of problems does growth cause for cells? How does cell division help a cell solve these problems? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

List and describe the main events of the cell cycle List and describe the main events of the cell cycle. Illustrate your description with a diagram of the cell cycle. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Describe what happens during the four stages of mitosis. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Discuss the relationship between mitosis and cytokinesis Discuss the relationship between mitosis and cytokinesis. What would be the result if one happened without the other? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Assume that prophase begins with eight chromatids in the nucleus of a cell. When telophase ends, how many chromosomes will be present in each new nucleus? Explain your answer 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Describe how the skin cells near a cut behave Describe how the skin cells near a cut behave. What role does contact with other cells have in the behavior of cells near a cut? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Describe how the cell cycle is regulated. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

If you looked at a sample of cells under a microscope, how might you recognize cancer cells? 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5

Describe how cancer cells are different from other cells Describe how cancer cells are different from other cells. Based on these differences, explain why cancer has been such a difficult condition to cure. 1 2 3 4 5 0 of 5