WORLD RELIGIONS

WHY RELIGION?? MORAL GUIDELINES FAITH

ANIMISM BELIEF IN SPIRITS IN ALL LIVING AND NON- LIVING THINGS PRACTICED BY EARLY PEOPLES AND TRIBAL AFRICA

SHINTOISM BELIEF IN SPIRITS IN ALL LIVING AND NON- LIVING THINGS PRACTICED IN EARLY JAPAN SIMILAR TO ANIMISM

HINDUISM POLYTHEISTIC RELIGION REGION: INDIA CURRENT: INDIA FOUNDER: NO ONE FOUNDER

HINDUISM TEXT: UPANISHADS BELIEFS: –ACHIEVE MOKSHA—FINAL STATE OF UNION WITH BRAHMAN –REINCARNATION BASED ON GOOD KARMA (DEEDS OF A LIFE) GOOD KARMA THROUGH GOOD DHARMA (RULES OF LIFE)

HINDUISM OTHER –OLDEST RELIGION –CASTE SYSTEM SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF HINDU INDIA MUST FOLLOW TO ACHIEVE DHARMA LOWEST CLASS =UNTOUCHABLES

BUDDHISM ORIGIN: INDIA CURRENT: INDIA, CHINA, WORLD FOUNDER: SIDDHARTHA GAUTAMA (BUDDHA) TEXT: THREE BASKETS OF WISDOM

BUDDHISM BELIEFS –REINCARNATION –REACH FINAL STATE OF BEING (NIRVANA) PRACTICES –FOLLOW THE FOUR NOBLE TRUTHS TO ELIMINATE DESIRE –ELIMINATE DESIRE BY FOLLOWING THE EIGHTFOLD PATH

BUDDHISM OTHER –SIMILAR TO HINDUISM IN BELIEFS IN REINCARNATION, KARMA AND DHARMA

CONFUCIANISM ORIGIN: CHINA CURRENT: CHINA FOUNDER: CONFUCIUS TEXT: THE ANALECTS

CONFUCIANISM BELIEFS –FOLLOW THE FIVE KEY RELATIONSHIPS –RULES OF ORDER –FOLLOW RULES—STABLE SOCIETY –EX: MEN SUPERIOR TO WOMEN; AGE OVER YOUTH –FILIAL PIETY: RESPECT FOR ELDERS

CONFUCIANISM RULES OF ORDER LEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM

TAOISM (DAOISM) ORIGIN: CHINA CURRENT: CHINA FOUNDER: LAOZI TEXT: WAY OF VIRTUE

TAOISM (DAOISM) BELIEFS –BALANCE IN THE FORCES OF NATURE LEAD TO PEACE AND HARMONY YING AND YANG YING-EARTH, DARKNESS, AND FEMALE YANG-HEAVEN, LIGHT AND MALE

TAOISM (DAOISM) OTHER –BELIEF IN NATURE –NO GOVERNMENT

JUDAISM MONOTHEISTIC ORIGIN: FERTILE CRESCENT CURRENT: WORLDWIDE, ISRAEL FOUNDER: HEBREW PEOPLE, EARLY LEADERS: MOSES AND ABRAHAM TEXT: TORAH

JUDAISM BELIEFS –MONOTHEISTIC –YAHWEH IS THE ONE GOD –COVENANT BETWEEN PEOPLE AND GOD –10 COMMANDMENTS MORAL CODE OF CONDUCT

JUDAISM OTHER –PASSOVER-EXODUS—ESCAPE FROM EGYPT –HISTORICALLY PERSECUTED BLAMED FOR PLAGUE KILLED ON CRUSADES HITLER AND THE FINAL SOLUTION MODERN MIDDLE EAST

CHRISTIANITY MONOTHEISTIC ORIGIN: NAZARETH CURRENT: WORLDWIDE FOUNDER: JESUS TEXT: BIBLE (OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT)

CHRISTIANITY BELIEFS –JESUS IS THE MESSIAH –TRINITY –BROTHERHOOD OF PEOPLE AND PEACE –ACHIEVE SALVATION IN THE AFTERLIFE

CHRISTIANITY OTHER –CRUCIFIXION –ROMAN EMPIRE –MIDDLE AGES –CRUSADES –POPE

CHRISTIANITY OTHER –BRANCHES OF CHRISTIANITY EASTERN ORTHODOX REFORMATION –PROTESTANTS –ANGLICAN –LUTHERAN –CALVINISM THEOCRACY

ISLAM MONOTHEISTIC ORIGIN: MECCA CURRENT: WORLDWIDE; MIDDLE EAST FOUNDER: MUHAMMAD TEXT: QURAN (KORAN)

ISLAM BELIEFS AND PRACTICES –HIJRA –TRIP FROM MECCA TO MEDINA –FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM ONE GOD ALLAH FAST DURING RAMADAN VISIT MECCA (PILGRIMAGE) HELP (ALMS) TO THE POOR PRAY FIVE TIMES A DAY FACING MECCA

ISLAM OTHER –SHARIA-ISLAMIC LAW –JIHAD-HOLY WAR –MUSLIM EMPIRE (GOLDEN AGE) FOUGHT THE CRUSADES –NORTH AFRICA (MANSA MUSA) –SUNNI (MORE OPEN READING) –SHIITE (MORE DIRECT READNG)