GCSE PE A healthy, active lifestyle and your cardiovascular system.

The heart is made of 6 chambers. Only the veins carry blood. The heart has 2 separate sides, one ‘deals’ with oxygenated and the other deoxygenated blood The aorta is the largest artery in the body, which carries oxygenated blood out of the heart. Only De-oxygenated blood passes through the heart. The heart is a muscle The blood passes through the heart twice before being sent around the body, full of 02. The heart pumps blood around the body which only has one function. There are 4 chambers in the heart

The heart is made of 6 chambers. FALSE Only the veins carry blood. FALSE The heart has 2 separate sides, one ‘deals’ with oxygenated and the other deoxygenated blood. TRUE The aorta is the largest artery in the body, which carries oxygenated blood out of the heart. TRUE ONLY De-oxygenated blood pass through the heart. FALSE The heart is a muscle TRUE The blood passes through the heart twice before being sent around the body, full of 02. TRUE The heart pumps blood around the body which only has one function. FALSE There are 4 chambers of the heart. TRUE

What does the Cardiovascular system do? What makes up the cardiovascular system? This should be a recap from last lesson!

You should know this from last lessons learning. Vena cava Right Atrium Left ventricle Right ventricle aorta Left atrium Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein

Copy and answer the following questions. 1.The cardiovascular system is made up of the …………………., ………………………. And ………………………….. 2.The heart is a ………………….. that pushes blood through blood vessels. 3.Blood being pushed around the body has 2 main functions: 1. ……………………………………………………………. 2. …………………………………………………………… 4.The heart has ………………. Chambers. They are called ………………………. And ………………………………….. 5.The deoxygenated blood enters the heart via the ………………., is sent to the lungs through the ……………………………………………. And finally leaves the heart, once oxygenated through the biggest artery in the body, the …………………………………

A strong cardiovascular system often means good CV fitness. Can you remember and write down the definition of cardiovascular fitness? Cardiovascular fitness is important for everyone, not just sports people!

So what would happen to your heart rate if you did the following? Why would your heart rate increase if you took part in some of the extreme sports shown? Would it be a different reason to the first video?

Heart rate increases Definition - The number of times the heart beats per minute. Heart rate increases during exercise. A ‘normal’ Resting Heart Rate is between 60-80bpm. (sound effects of a resting HR Vs HR during exercise) When exercising, muscles need more oxygen (O2). This need means the heart needs to pump more oxygenated blood, more quickly to the working muscles (because they need the O2). Adrenalin is a hormone that causes an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. We need to know what this is!

Blood Pressure Definition = the force exerted by blood on the walls of blood vessels The heart makes 2 beating sounds, called systolic and diastolic. Systolic = made when the ventricles (lower chambers of the heart) force blood out of the heart at high pressure). Sound is caused by heart valves opening / closing. Diastolic = made by the upper chambers (atriums) contracting pushing the blood down into the ventricles.

Blood Pressure A blood pressure meter is used To measure systolic and diastolic Blood pressure. Systolic pressure – is the maximum pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and pushes blood through the aorta into the body. Will your systolic blood pressure change during the day? If so why? What about at night?

Diastolic Blood Pressure Is the pressure of the blood during the relaxation phase (between heart beats). This pressure depends on the elasticity of blood vessels. Blood pressure and heart rate will rise during exercise or excitement Lets measure someone's blood pressure!

If the pressure exerted by blood gets to high, damage will occur to blood vessels. So what can someone do to reduce the risk of high blood pressure?

Here are some clues

Check weight Limit alcohol consumption Don’t smoke – it damages blood vessels and raises BP. Don’t eat to much salty food – affects BP Avoid stress Take regular exercise – helps keep BP normal as helps control stress

Answer the following questions. Make sure you check how much each question is worth. 1.The heart is responsible for pumping blood to working muscles. Define what is meant by the term Heart Rate, stating the functions of the blood. (3) 2.Blood pressure is affected by exercise. Explain the different types of blood pressure, explaining what effect high blood pressure can cause on blood vessels. (3) 3.what is included in the cardiovascular system. Give a definition of cardiovascular fitness and a sport that requires a good level of it. (5)