Blood Pressure Is measured in arteries where it is highest Is measured in arteries where it is highest Pressure decreases with distance from heart Pressure decreases with distance from heart

Blood Pressure Measured with a sphygmomanometer Measured with a sphygmomanometer

Blood Pressure Two numbers: Two numbers: –Systolic –pressure as heart beats – under 120 mmHg considered healthy  Measures pressure when the Ventricles contract –Diastolic – pressure as heart relaxes – under 80 mmHg considered healthy  Measures pressure when the heart is relaxed before atrial contraction

Blood Pressure Chronic high blood pressure is hypertension Chronic high blood pressure is hypertension Puts strain on heart, symptom of arteriosclerosis Puts strain on heart, symptom of arteriosclerosis

Blood Pressure Artery deposits such as cholesterol hardens arteries – less elasticity=higher pressure

Blood Pressure –Viscosity of blood : thicker blood requires more pressure to circulate –Blood volume : more blood = higher pressure –Heart rate : faster heart beat = higher pressure

Cardiac Output amount of blood that flow from each side of the heart/minute amount of blood that flow from each side of the heart/minute Cardiac Output = heart rate x stroke volume Cardiac Output = heart rate x stroke volume Heart rate: beats per minute Heart rate: beats per minute Stroke volume: amount of blood pumped per beat (should be equal amount from both sides) Stroke volume: amount of blood pumped per beat (should be equal amount from both sides)