Chapter 5: DNA, Gene Expression, and Biotechnology Clicker Questions by Kristen Curran, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater

Which answer will base pair with the following sequence? AGTTCTCATGT ACATGAGAACT TCAAGAGTACA UCAAGAGUACA 3 2 2

Different people can have free or attached earlobes Different people can have free or attached earlobes. The DNA that encodes for making free or attached earlobes is called a(n) ________, and there are two different versions of it, called __________. allele; genes trait; alleles gene; trait gene; alleles 4 3 3

Choices 1 and 3 are correct. Which molecule acts as a “middle man” between the nucleus, where transcription occurs, and the cytoplasm, where translation occurs? DNA mRNA Protein Choices 1 and 3 are correct. 2 4 4

Transcription Activity Classroom Catalyst Transcription Activity See Activity Two in the Chapter 5 Instructor’s Manual, found on the Instructor’s Resource DVD or Faculty Lounge.

Which answer shows the correct orientation of the mRNA sequence (Phosphate (5’)  Oxygen (3’)) given the DNA sequence below? 5’-TCATCTATCT-3’ 5’-UCAUCUAUCU-3’ 5’-AGUAGAUAGA-3’ 5’-AGAUAGAUGA-3’ 5’-AGATAGATGA-3’

Translation Activity Classroom Catalyst See Activity Three of the Chapter 5 Instructor’s Manual, found on the Instructor’s Resource DVD or Faculty Lounge.

Translate the following mRNA: 5’-CGAGCAUGGGCUUUAGG... MET-GLY-PHE-ARG… ARG-ALA-TRP-ALA-LEU… GLY-PHE-ARG-VAL-ARG… ARG-PHE-GLY-MET-SER… The students need to find the start codon (AUG-MET) and continue the translation from there. You will need to project a codon table for the students use or have them look in their textbook. 8 8

Which answer shows the mRNA transcribed from the DNA sequence below Which answer shows the mRNA transcribed from the DNA sequence below? 5’-TTA TCC TTT ACT CAT-3’ 5’-AUG AGU AAA GGA UAA-3’ 5’-AAU-AGG-AAA-UGA-GUA-3’ 5’- TTA-TCC-TTT-ACT-CAT-3’ 5’-UUA-AGG-AAA-TGA-GUA-3’ 1. 9 9

AUG-AGU-AAA-GGA-GUA-A Which of the following changes (base substitutions and insertions are underlined and in bold) would have the most severe effect on the protein made from the mRNA in the last question? 5’-AUG AGU AAA GGA UAA-3’ AUG-AGU-AAG-GGA-UAA AUG-AGU-AAA-GGA-UAG AUG-GUA-AAG-GAU-AA AUG-AGU-AAA-GGA-GUA-A 3: would have the greatest effect because a deletion occurs close to the beginning of the protein. Therefore an incorrect amino acid sequence is translated. 10 10

Why can one change in a nucleotide sequence of a gene cause a nonfunctional protein to be produced? The change can cause a stop codon to occur early in translation and the full length protein is not translated. A substitution can result in one incorrect amino acid being present in the protein which can affect the shape of the protein and therefore its function. An insertion or deletion can occur early in the gene and result in an incorrect translation of the protein. All of the above. 4 11 11

Cut human DNA into small pieces with a restriction enzyme. If you were trying to identify the gene for insulin, which particular step of the procedure outlined below would you use? Cut human DNA into small pieces with a restriction enzyme. Amplify the DNA pieces with PCR. Insert the gene into a plasmid and insert into bacteria. Probe a gene library. 4 12 12

I would want to know if my genome or that of a loved one carries one or more copies of a gene that can cause a genetic disease. Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree

Which food below does not potentially contain GMOs? Nacho chips Fruit juice Corn flakes Rice All of the above. 5 14 14

Using the DNA fingerprint information below, determine which suspect was present at the crime scene? All of the above. Crime Scene Suspect #1 Suspect #2 Suspect #3 2 15 15

We should pursue cloning in animals but not humans. Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87

We should pursue cloning in humans for the purpose of developing or performing medical treatments. Strongly agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88