Function of the state liberal theory

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Presentation transcript:

Function of the state liberal theory There are two schools of thoughts among the liberalists about the functions of the state-: Negative liberalism Positive liberalism or New-liberalism

Negative liberalism The supporters of this theory are Adam Smith,, Bemtham, Herbert Spencer. The advocates of this theory view the state as necessary evil. The state is essential because there are some functions which the individual can not do and their execution the state has to step in. But the function which the individual is able to execute, the state should not interfere in such functions.

Factors responsible for the growth of Negative liberalism Abolition of king Popularity of the theory of natural rights Influence of contractualists Influence of Drawin’s theory of evolution Influence of Adam Smith Industrialist revolution American and French revolution

Functions of the state according to Negative Liberalism Protection against external invasions To maintain law and order Protection of life and liberty To maintain diplomatic relations with other states Judicial administration To levy and collect taxes

Criticism of Negative Liberalism State is not an evil Wrong meaning of liberty State is not the symbol of man’s imperfection The principle of open competition is dangerous Survival of the fittest is a wrong principle Man is not only hedonist Functions of the state can not be limited The theory of liberalists can not protect the interest of the poor individual and society can not be separated Obstacle in the development of state

Positive liberalism J.S.Mill, Harold Laski, Maclver, Barker are the prominent supporters of positive liberalism. The supporters of positive liberalism are in favour of assigning the state with numerous welfare functions. They are of the view that every type of social, economic, moral, and cultural work should be done by the state. State is not a necessary evil but it is a mean of social economic transformation.

Functions of the state according to Positive Liberalism Protection of life and property Protection from external invasion Maintenance of law and order To maintain diplomatic relations with other countries Judicial administration spread of education Social economic security

Eradication of poverty Improvement of health Moral and social reforms To provide recreational facilities To provide public utility services Development of agriculture To make regulations regarding trade and industries Development of natural resources To make regulations regarding export and import To make regulations about labour Imposition and collection of taxes

Difference between negative and positive liberalism Difference about the nature of state Difference about the functions of the state Difference about the purpose Difference about the concept of liberty Difference about the role of state in economic field

References Aggarwal R.C., Principles of Political Science, S.Chand Company, New Delhi, 1976. Badyal, J.S, Political Theory, Raj Publishers, 2012, Jalander. Garner James Wildford, Political Science and Government, The World Press Priviate LTD. Calcutta, 1951. Gauba O.P, An Introduction to Political Theory, Macmillan Publisher, Delhi, 2009. Misra K.K & Iyengar Kalpana. M, Modern Political Theory, S.Chand Company, New Delhi, 1988.

Heywood Andrew, Political Theory An Introduction, Palgrave Macmillan, New Yeork, 2005. Ray Amal, Political Theory Idess and Institutions, The World Press Priviate LTD. Calcutta, 1988 Johari J.C, Principles of Modern Political Science, Sterling Publishers, New Delhi, 1989.

By Dr. AMANDIP KAUR DEPTT. OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, PGGCG, SEC. 11, CHANDIGARH