18 TH & 19 TH CENTURY ARTISTIC INNOVATIONS

CHANGES IN WESTERN SOCIETY Industrial Revolution in England Political rebellion U.S. Revolutionary War French Revolution Traditional systems where power was held by the aristocracy or members of the Church were destroyed Shift from agrarian culture to industrial progress Increased global trade and colonialism The Enlightenment – moved from understandings based on myth, religion, or tradition to scientific questioning and reasoning.

CHANGES IN ART Art is a cultural product and reflects the society of its time. Moved from Rococo to Romanticism to Neoclassicism to Realism to Impressionism New technology – iron in architecture, photography, paint in collapsible metal tubes

IRON BRIDGE Iron = most important material exploited during the Industrial Revolution in England. The Iron Bridge by Abraham Darby III and Thomas Pritchard is an icon of the age. One of the few to survive today.

SILK Developed by the Chinese Chinese Silk is a central aspect to Chinese culture and economics Production was controlled by the ruling class Annual silkworm sacrifice and reeling of cocoons – imperial ceremony presided over by the empress. Primary use in art has been as a textile

EMPEROR’S TWELVE-SYMBOL ROBE Produced during Qing Dynasty 12 Symbols: sun, moon, constellation, mountain, dragons, bird, cups, water weed, millet, fire, ax, & symmetrical “fu” symbol. 12 Symbols AKA Dragon Robe – symbol of authority

PHOTOGRAPHY Cameras evolved from the use of the camera obscura – tracing image projected Joseph Niepce produced the oldest surviving photograph in 1826(or 1827). Photography was widely considered a “science” not an “art” in the mid- 1800’s.

OPHELIA, STUDY NO. 2 Julia Margaret Cameron Cameron Strove to elevate photography as an art by combining the “real and ideal.” Many of her works were based on literature. Meant to exemplify Ophelia from Shakespeare’s Hamlet.

IMPRESSIONISM Artistic movement that originated in France in the late 1800s. Artists were concerned with painting the world around them (realism).realism Painted scenes as a “glancing view.”

COLLAPSIBLE METAL TUBES Prior to 19 th Century painters mixed their own paint Ready-made paint stored in pig bladders then syringes Metal Tubes made painting “transportable” (1841)

LA GARE SAINT-LAZARE Monet Subject: train station renovated under the Haussmannization program in Paris Monet painted 12 different views of this station – they show a variety of light and steam effects

AND … ONE MORE STORY Choose 1 of the selected pieces of artwork and compose a short story inspired by it. Keep in mind the history behind the piece.

20 TH CENTURY ARTISTIC INNOVATIONS

YOUR TASK With a partner, you will create a poster on one of the selected pieces of art found in the USAD resource packet. You must include a picture of the piece, background, innovation seen in the piece, biography of the artist, and analysis of the piece. You may choose from: Carson, Pirie, Scott Building Still-Life with Chair Caning by Picasso Number 1, 1950 (Lavender Mist) by Jackson Pollock Marilyn Diptych by Andy Warhol Miki No Inori by Mariko Mori