SPATIAL ANALYSIS Cy Woods High School

What is Geography? the study of the distribution and interaction between the physical and human (cultural) features on the Earth. Ask 2 questions: 2 major branches: The “father of Geography” and the first to successfully measure the circumference of the Earth? Erastosthones

Thinking Spatially Geography deals with space.  Where things are and why they are located there. Looking for (space)

Geographer’s Tools Advantages vs. globes? Disadvantages vs. globes? They are flat and portable Some properties will be distorted

Geographer’s Tools Advantages vs. maps? Disadvantages vs. maps? Size and shapes have the correct properties Can’t see small scales and can’t carry around

Geographer’s Tools Pinpoints exact location

Geographer’s Tools Layers information

Map basics Drag the word to the correct place on the map.

Square, checkerboard or quilt pattern usually indicate agriculture (different greens equal different types of crops) Rivers, streams, and bayous appear as wavy lines (irregular, wavy=nature). If image has color, water is usually but not always colored blue or dark grey. Light grey = populations, development, urbanization (straight lines = infrastructure, man made) Brown, light tan is usually an indication of soil exposure (as in clearing for development, planting or natural settings such as deserts and beaches) Darker shades typically indicate thicker vegetation or deeper water Lighter shades typically indicate sparse vegetation or more shallow water (may also show soil erosion in water) “Reading” GIS Imagery Houston, Texas

Drag labels to show the corresponding feature on the GIS image Bush Intercontinental Airport Galveston Bay Rural areas Downtown Houston

Drag labels to show the corresponding feature on the GIS image Sahara desert Mt. Kilimanjaro volcano Lake Victoria water Great Rift Valley elevation change Suez Canal chokepoint Congo Basin vegetation Nile River water

Can you match the label to the correct image? Nile River Mediterranean Sea Hawaii California Great Salt Lake Andes Mountains Rocky Mountains Aral Sea Sahara ItalySpain

Key Concept The Internet, GPS, and GIS have influenced the way we study the Earth.

5 Themes of Geography Movement: how people, goods, and ideas move DIFFUSION

5 Themes of Geography Movement: how else do people, goods, and ideas move?

5 Themes of Geography Movement: Push factors vs. Pull factors. ex. push factorsex. of pull factors1.2.3.

Global Movements of People Developing  ex. ???

Global Movements of People Rural 

Why do people live where they do? Explain how climate impacts where people live.

Population Density Temperate Zones

Why do people live where they do? Explain how landforms impact where people live.

Why do people live where they do? Explain how urbanization impacts where people live.

Why do people live where they do? Explain how transportation impacts where people live.

Why do people live where they do? Explain how resources impact where people live.

Why do people live where they do? Explain how economic activities impact where people live. Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary

Where would people most likely live on the map below? Where would people be least likely to live?

How did the physical geography of the U.S. impact where people settled? Appalachian Mnts. Rocky Mnts.

Key Concept Physical features and environmental conditions influence migration patters.

Key Concept Physical features have influenced the size and distribution of settlements.

Key Concept Urbanization, transportation, resources and economic activities have changed settlement patterns.

Key Concept When cities lose their function, size and population goes down.

Sample Question Which of the following best describes the changes in patterns of settlement in the U.S. from 1790 to 2006? A. The U.S. became a rural nation due to the availability of fertile soil and mild climate. B. The U.S. became an urbanized nation due to the growth in manufacturing and transportation. C. Since the 1990s, population density of the U.S. is the highest in the Breadbasket region. D. Over time, population density has increased in the interior regions of the U.S.

5 Themes of Geography Regions: share some characteristic Types of regions  1. formal  2. perceptual  3. functional

What type of region is pictured below? A.Formal B.Functional C.Perceptual D.Natural What economic activity is this region known for?

Key Concept There are formal, functional, and perceptual regions.

5 Themes of Geography Place: What makes a place significant or unique. What is unique about the Middle East?

Key Concept Every place and region has something that makes it significant or unique.

Regions of Texas What are the characteristics of these regions?

Regions of the U.S. What are the characteristics of these regions?

The Northeast Known for urbanization (NY, Philadelphia, Boston, Washington D.C.) American megalopolis (BosWash)

The Midwest Known for agricultural production (“Breadbasket”)

Sunbelt and Rustbelt Population boomed in the Sunbelt and South with the invention of air conditioning

Key Concept Physical features and environmental conditions influenced the distribution of culture groups today.

Key Concept Technological innovations like A/C and desalination have allowed humans to adapt to places.

Northwest Known for being rainy because of mountains near the coast.

Key Concept Things like climate, vegetation, language, trade networks, political units, river systems and religions can all be used to describe different regions.

5 Themes of Geography Location: