Tobacco Prevention: “Your Future Self Will Thank You!”

What is Tobacco? A preparation of the nicotine-rich leaves of an American plant, which are cured by a process of drying and fermentation Different Types of Tobacco: -Smoked: Cigarettes, Cigars, Pipe Tobacco, electronic cigarettes, & flavored tobacco smoked in a hookah -Smokeless: Chewing Tobacco, Dip, Snus

Smoked Tobacco (Notes) There are more then 4,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke There are 40 Carcinogens in smoke: Carcinogens are agents that can cause cancer

Chemicals Found in Smoked Tobacco Cyanide: poisonous gas used to develop photographs Formaldehyde: a substance used to preserve laboratory animals, human organs, and for embalming fluid Lead: a dangerous chemical that can cause poisoning and serious birth defects Vinyl Chloride: a flammable gas used to make plastic products Carbon Monoxide: dangerous gas that blocks O2 from getting into your blood stream Ammonia: A colorless gas that is made into a cleaning fluid Tar: a sticky black substance that coats the inside of the airways that contains many carcinogens

Smokeless Tobacco (Notes) There are 28 Carcinogens in smokeless tobacco: Carcinogens are agents that can cause cancer

Chemicals found in Smokeless Tobacco Cadmium: used in car batteries Formaldehyde: embalming fluid Lead: a poison N-Nitrosamines: cancer-causing chemical Polonium 210: nuclear waste Acetaldehyde: irritant Hydrazine: toxic chemical Benzopyrene: cancer-causing chemical Uranium 235: used in nuclear weapons Sodium: salt, can cause high blood pressure Sugar: can cause cavities Fiberglass and Sand (put this bullet in your notes!!!!!)

Short-Term Effects of Tobacco (To the Body) (NOTES) Stimulates the brain reward system Constricts blood vessels Increase heart rate and blood Increases breathing rate Increase blood-sugar levels Stimulates vomit reflex Gums and mouth can become irritated and raw Yellowing of the teeth Yellowing of fingers and nails

Side Effects (NOTES) Smelly clothes Smell hair Smelly house, apartment, or car Bad Breath Need to constantly spit (because of increased saliva) Burns in clothes, furniture, and cars Burns of the lips and fingers and other parts of the body Standing in uncomfortable places because of restricting smoking laws

Nicotine The addictive drug that is found in all types of tobacco products At low doses, it is a mild stimulant and a muscle relaxant, at high doses it can result in a poisoning 60 milligrams of nicotine can kill a person, each cigarette contains 1-2 milligrams **Almost impossible to overdose on, but a person can get sick from small doses**

Long Term Side Effects (To the Body) Mouth: Changes the chemical make up of the mouth which leads to plaque buildup, tooth decay, and gum disease Lungs: -Smoking puts carcinogens directly into the lungs. -The tiny hairs that help remove harmful substances in lungs are then killed. Brain: -Tobacco reduces O2 to the brain and narrows blood vessels that can cause strokes. -It also changes the make-up of the brain which leads to addiction

Long Term Side Effects (To the Body) Heart: -Increases heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and increases the plaque build-up in veins and arteries. (All of these things can lead to heart disease and heart attacks) Skin: Breaks down the proteins in skin which leads to wrinkling of skin and premature aging Immune System: Chemicals in smoke reduce the effectiveness of the immune system which leads to you having a higher chance of catching or developing diseases

Major Diseases/Conditions Related to Tobacco Diseases Chronic Bronchitis: a long-term cough with mucus, which makes it difficult to breathe Emphysema: disease in which air cannot move through lungs because alveoli become blocked or loose Heart Disease: number 1 killer in US Many Major Cancers including: lung, breast, mouth, throat larynx, esophagus, stomach, intestinal, pancreatic, cervical, kidney Conditions Stroke: happens when blood flow to a part of the brain stops Heart Attack: occurs when blood flow to a part of your heart is blocked for a long enough time that part of the heart muscle is damaged or dies

Second Hand Smoke (NOTES) For every 8 people who die from smoking, 1 person dies from second hand smoke

Statistics (Do Not Write Down) Cigarette smoking causes an estimated 443,000 deaths each year, including approximately 49,000 deaths due to exposure to secondhand smoke. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among both men and women in the United States, and 90 percent of lung cancer deaths among men and approximately 80 percent of lung cancer deaths among women are due to smoking. People who smoke are up to six times more likely to suffer a heart attack than nonsmokers, and the risk increases with the number of cigarettes smoked. In 2011, an estimated 19 percent of U.S. adults were cigarette smokers. Nearly 16 percent of high school students smoke cigarettes. An estimated 7.3 percent of high school students use smokeless tobacco. These statistics also indicate that approximately 75 percent of the people who use smokeless tobacco every day suffer from leukoplakia, a common chewing tobacco effect which eventually develops into oral cancer. Approximately 75 percent of smokeless tobacco users develop leukoplakia which is a common gum ailment that will develop into oral cancer

Why Do People Start Using Tobacco Family and Friends Misconceptions The desire to look cool Social thing became habit Social Rewards Risk Taking Behaviors Advertising/Media Influences

$$$$$$$$ The cost of tobacco is rising every year with new taxes and regulations to try to get people to stop A brand name pack of cigarettes cost 5-6 dollars in KY (one of the cheapest in the nation) A brand name can of dip costs 4-6 dollars in KY Calculate how much money that would be for a week if you use 1 pack a day or 1 can a day Calculate how much money that would be for 1 year Calculate how much money that would be for 18 years

Resources “Life Time Health” Text book Tobaccopreventiontoday.com