Flowers n Monocots

Flowers n -veins in most are parallel

Flowers n Monocots n -veins in most are parallel n -flower parts in 3’s or multiples of 3

Flowers n Monocots n -veins in most are parallel n -flower parts in 3’s or multiples of 3 n -vascular bundles are scattered in a cross section of a stem

Flowers n Monocots n -veins in most are parallel n -flower parts in 3’s or multiples of 3 n -vascular bundles are scattered in a cross section of a stem n -stems of most monocots do not grow thicker from year to year

Flowers n Monocots n -veins in most are parallel n -flower parts in 3’s or multiples of 3 n -vascular bundles are scattered in a cross section of a stem n -stems of most monocots do not grow thicker from year to year n -in roots bundles of xylem & phloem alternate in a circle

Flowers n Monocots n -veins in most are parallel n -flower parts in 3’s or multiples of 3 n -vascular bundles are scattered in a cross section of a stem n -stems of most monocots do not grow thicker from year to year n -in roots bundles of xylem & phloem alternate in a circle

Flowers n Dicots

Flowers n -veins in leaves form branching network

Flowers n Dicots n -veins in leaves form branching network n -flower parts in 4’s or 5’s or multiples of 4 or 5

Flowers n Dicots n -veins in leaves form branching network n -flower parts in 4’s or 5’s or multiples of 4 or 5 n -vascular bundles of stem are arranged in a ring

Flowers n Dicots n -veins in leaves form branching network n -flower parts in 4’s or 5’s or multiples of 4 or 5 n -vascular bundles of stem are arranged in a ring n -stems can grow thicker from year to year

Flowers n Dicots n -veins in leaves form branching network n -flower parts in 4’s or 5’s or multiples of 4 or 5 n -vascular bundles of stem are arranged in a ring n -stems can grow thicker from year to year n -single mass of xylem forms an “X” in root, phloem is located between arms of “X”

Flowers n Dicots n -veins in leaves form branching network n -flower parts in 4’s or 5’s or multiples of 4 or 5 n -vascular bundles of stem are arranged in a ring n -stems can grow thicker from year to year n -single mass of xylem forms an “X” in root, phloem is located between arms of “X”

Flowers n Flower Structure

Flowers n -flowers are actually miniature stems that produce four specialized leaves

Flowers n Flower Structure n -flowers are actually miniature stems that produce four specialized leaves –Sepals

Flowers n Flower Structure n -flowers are actually miniature stems that produce four specialized leaves –Sepals –Petals

Flowers n Flower Structure n -flowers are actually miniature stems that produce four specialized leaves –Sepals –Petals –Stamens

Flowers n Flower Structure n -flowers are actually miniature stems that produce four specialized leaves –Sepals –Petals –Stamens –Carpels

Flowers n Sepals

Flowers n -in many flowers are green

Flowers n Sepals n -in many flowers are green n -enclose the flower bud before it opens protecting the flower

Flowers n Sepals n -in many flowers are green n -enclose the flower bud before it opens protecting the flower n -all sepals together form the calyx

Flowers n Petals

Flowers n Petal n -second circle of flower parts

Flowers n Petal n -second circle of flower parts n -often brightly colored

Flowers n Petal n -second circle of flower parts n -often brightly colored n -all the petals form the corolla

Flowers n Petal n -second circle of flower parts n -often brightly colored n -all the petals form the corolla n -often used to attract insects

Flowers n Petal n -second circle of flower parts n -often brightly colored n -all the petals form the corolla n -often used to attract insects n -because sepals and petals do not form gametophytes they are called “sterile” leaves

Flowers n Stamens

Flowers n -next circle of leaves inside the petals

Flowers n Stamens n -next circle of leaves inside the petals n -has a long thin filament that supports the anther

Flowers n Stamens n -next circle of leaves inside the petals n -has a long thin filament that supports the anther n -male gametophytes are formed inside the anther

Flowers n Stamens n -next circle of leaves inside the petals n -has a long thin filament that supports the anther n -male gametophytes are formed inside the anther n -grains of pollen are formed on anthers

Flowers n Stamens n -next circle of leaves inside the petals n -has a long thin filament that supports the anther n -male gametophytes are formed inside the anther n -grains of pollen are formed on anthers n -pollen divides to form 2 sperm nuclei

Flowers n Stamens n -next circle of leaves inside the petals n -has a long thin filament that supports the anther n -male gametophytes are formed inside the anther n -grains of pollen are formed on anthers n -pollen divides to form 2 sperm nuclei

Flowers n Carpels

Flowers n -center most circle of flower parts

Flowers n Carpels n -center most circle of flower parts n -one or more carpels form the pistil

Flowers n Carpels n -center most circle of flower parts n -one or more carpels form the pistil n -the ovary is the base of the pistil, the style is the stalk, and the stigma is at the top of the stalk

Flowers n Carpels n -center most circle of flower parts n -one or more carpels form the pistil n -the ovary is the base of the pistil, the style is the stalk, and the stigma is at the top of the stalk n -ovules are located inside the ovary

Flowers n Carpels n -center most circle of flower parts n -one or more carpels form the pistil n -the ovary is the base of the pistil, the style is the stalk, and the stigma is at the top of the stalk n -ovules are located inside the ovary

Flowers n Pollination

Flowers n -transfer of pollen to stigma

Flowers n Pollination n -transfer of pollen to stigma n -self pollination - pollen can fall from anther to stigma on the same flower

Flowers n Pollination n -transfer of pollen to stigma n -self pollination - pollen can fall from anther to stigma on the same flower n -cross pollination - pollen must be transferred from one flower to an other

Flowers n Fertilization

Flowers n -in angiosperms double fertilization occurs

Flowers n Fertilization n -in angiosperms double fertilization occurs n -one sperm fuses with egg to become the zygote

Flowers n Fertilization n -in angiosperms double fertilization occurs n -one sperm fuses with egg to become the zygote n -other sperm fuses with 2 polar bodies to form a triploid (3N) endosperm

Flowers n Fertilization n -in angiosperms double fertilization occurs n -one sperm fuses with egg to become the zygote n -other sperm fuses with 2 polar bodies to form a triploid (3N) endosperm n -endosperm is the food source for the developing embryo (rice, corn, wheat)

Perfect Flowers n Contain both male and female sex organs

Imperfect Flowers n Contain only one sex on flower n Staminate – Male only n Pistillate – Female only