Section 1: Civil War and Revolution CHAPTER 20 Enlightenment and Revolution in England and America Section 1: Civil War and Revolution Section 2: Constitutional Monarchy in England Section 3: English Colonial Expansion Section 4: The Enlightenment Section 5: The American Revolution

Question: What were some of the causes of the English Civil War? SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Question: What were some of the causes of the English Civil War?

Civil War and Revolution SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution longstanding conflict between royalty and Parliament Irish rebellion English Civil War general population rejected radical Puritans’ attempted changes in the church efforts of Long Parliament to limit the monarchy’s power

SECTION 2 Constitutional Monarchy in England Question: What laws did Parliament create to protect against arbitrary rule?

Constitutional Monarchy in England SECTION 2 Constitutional Monarchy in England Safeguard Purpose Habeas Corpus Act protected individuals from unfair arrest and imprisonment declared Parliament would choose who ruled the country; subjected ruler to parliamentary laws; prohibited ruler from imposing taxes or maintaining an army in peaceful times without Parliament’s consent; guaranteed free speech for members of Parliament; gave citizens the right to petition the government; declared citizens should not be required to pay excessive bail or be subjected to cruel and unusual punishment English Bill of Rights Act of Toleration granted Protestant dissenters some religious freedoms

Question: What are some effects of mercantilism? SECTION 3 Israel and the Occupied Territories English Colonial Expansion Question: What are some effects of mercantilism?

conflict over resources SECTION 3 English Colonial Expansion Mercantilism aggression colonization conflict over resources

SECTION 4 The Enlightenment Question: What were the beliefs of philosophers during the Enlightenment?

The Enlightenment SECTION 4 Diderot Montesquieu Voltaire Rousseau edited Encyclopedia, criticized society wrote Spirit of the Laws, described “perfect” government wrote Candide, championed freedom of thought and religion wrote The Social Contract, believed in sovereignty

SECTION 5 The American Revolution Question: What British policies were implemented in the mid-1700s, and how did the American colonists react to them?

The American Revolution SECTION 5 The American Revolution British Policy Colonial Reaction Possible British Cause Colonists were forbidden to settle in the land west of the Appalachian Mountains. Colonists felt that Britain was curbing their liberties. Britain wanted to avoid American Indian uprisings.

Chapter Wrap-Up CHAPTER 20 1. How did many political writers and philosophers of the 1700s see the relationship between people and their government? 2. What were the sources of the political ideas that led to the American Revolution and the United States Constitution? 3. Why did British policy anger many Americans in the years following 1763?