1325 – what was that now again?

1915 Women’s voices in peace settlement This international congress of Women resolves that an international meeting of women shall be held in the same place and at the same time as the conference of powers which shall frame the terms of the peace settlement after the war for the purpose of presenting practical proposals to the conference

1995 Strategic objective E.1. Increase the participation of women in conflict resolution at decision-making levels and protect women living in situations of armed and other conflicts or under foreign occupation. Strategic objective E.2. Reduce excessive military expenditures and control the availability of armaments. Strategic objective E.3. Promote non-violent forms of conflict resolution and reduce the incidence of human rights abuse in conflict situations. Strategic objective E.4. Promote women's contribution to fostering a culture of peace. Strategic objective E.5. Provide protection, assistance and training to refugee women, other displaced women in need of international protection and internally displaced women. Strategic objective E.6. Provide assistance to the women of the colonies and non-self-governing territories.Strategic objective E.1. Strategic objective E.2. Strategic objective E.3. Strategic objective E.4. Strategic objective E.5. Strategic objective E.6.

Women Peace and Security How come UNSCR 1325 came to the security council?

-UN conference on Women in Beijing Follow up five years later -Windhoek declaration Women’s movement coordination made easier with internet -Bangladesh and Namibia the patrons

1325 = Women, Peace and Security The three P´s agenda Protection of women and girls from sexual and gender-based violence. Prevention of violence against women through the promotion of women’s rights, accountability and law enforcement. Participation : Women’s leadership in peacemaking and conflict prevention, peace keeping operations, DDR etc

Sometimes slow progress The 2011 Secretary-General’s Report on Women, Peace and Security points out: “the levels of women’s participation in peace negotiations, in preventative efforts and other key decision-making processes related to peace and security remain unacceptably low”

From SG report 2013 Out of 10 peace agreements signed in included provisions on women, peace and security. This marks an increase. UN supported five of these ten peace mediations of which only 1 included WPS provisions.

Not a women’s issue… 90 percent of the civil wars occurred in countries that had civil war in the past 30 years. 4 of 25 peace negotiations had civil society groups at the negotiating table – peace was sustained. 9 out of 13 cases where civil society groups were not included – war flared up again.

What is not in the peace agreement wont get any resources in the phase of rebuilding ”We had a war to stop” – or shouldn’t the feeling be ”we have a peace to build”?

The role of NGO’s ” The Security Council takes note of the important role that civil society, including women’s organisations, can play in the prevention and resolution of armed conflict, peacebuilding and post-conflict situations” 2nd of November 2012, UN Security Council

Several new resolutions have been adopted in the Women Peace and security family. Focus on?

Another resolution! On the 18 th of October 2013 the Security Council had a day long debate on women, peace and security with the focus on women, rule of law and transitional justice in conflict-affected situations

UNSCR 2122 Puts in place a roadmap for "a more systematic approach to the implementation of commitments on women, peace and security".

the development and deployment of technical expertise for peacekeeping missions and UN mediation teams supporting peace talks improved access to timely information and analysis on the impact of conflict on women and women’s participation in conflict resolution in reports and briefings to the Council strengthened commitments to consult as well as include women directly in peace talks

Cedaw General Recommendation #30 General recommendation 30 on women in conflict prevention, conflict and post- conflict situations – CEDAW Preventing and responding to violence against women in conflict and postconflict settings Access to justice Political participation Economical participation

Consequences? CEDAW has been lacking a conflict perspective – an instrument with a reporting responsibility The new recommendation connects women’s human rights with the women, peace and security agenda and make it possible to include conflict related data in the reports – and the shadow reports

Conflict related sexual violence Naming and shaming, for or against Men as victims of rape and women as perpetrators Mapping conflict related sexual violence Focus and money on sexual violence, less to other forms of violence From conflict related to sexual violence in conflict

UN and politics – differences between the two reports Ms Bangura issued a statement on the 3 rd of April: “I am dismayed by the appalling attacks that have continued to target women protesters in Egypt, as well as by the messages sent by prominent religious leaders, that women are to blame for these sexual attacks.”