Gender Ratio CIA Fact Book. Sec 4.3  Addition Rules for Probability.

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Presentation transcript:

Gender Ratio CIA Fact Book

Sec 4.3  Addition Rules for Probability

Mutually Exclusive Events  Two events are mutually exclusive if they cannot occur at the same time… they have no outcome in common.

Example  A student is a female. A person is a freshman.  A die is rolled the probability of getting a 3 and getting an even number.

Example 4-16 Determine which events are mutually exclusive and which are not, when a single card is drawn from a deck. A.) Getting a 7 and getting a jack B.) Getting a club and getting a king C.) Getting a face card and getting an ace D.) Getting a face card and getting a spade

Addition Rule 1  When two events are A and B are mutually exclusive, the probability that A or B will occur is P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B)

Example 4-17  A box contains 3 glazed doughnuts, 4 jelly doughnuts, and 5 chocolate doughnuts. If a person selects a doughnut at random, find the probability that it is either a glazed doughnut or a chocolate doughnut.

Example 4-18  At a political rally, there are 20 Republicans, 13 Democrats, and 6 Independents. If a person is selected at random, find the probability that he or she is either a Democrat or an Independent.

Example 4-19  A day of the week is selected at random. Find the probability that it is a weekend day.

Example 4-20  A single card is drawn from a deck. Find the probability that it is a king or a club.

Addition Rule 2 If A and B are not mutually exclusive, then P(A or B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A and B)

Example 4-21  In a hospital unit there are 8 nurses and 5 physicians; 7 nurses and 3 physicians are females. If a staff person is selected, find the probability that the subject is a nurse or a male.

Example 4-22  On New Year’s Eve, the probability of a person driving while intoxicated is 0.32, the probability of a person having a driving accident is 0.09, and the probability of a person having a driving accident while intoxicated is What is the probability of a person driving while intoxicated or having a driving accident?

Non mutually exclusive Venn diagram.

Mutually Exclusive Diagram A B

Homework  Section 4.3  APPYLING CONCEPTS PAGE 193  AND  Page , #1-26 odds