“THE NEEDLE AND THE DAMAGE DONE“ by Neil Young I caught you knockin' at my cellar door I love you, baby, can I have some more…. Ooh, ooh, the damage done. I hit the city and I lost my band I watched the needle take another man Gone, gone, the damage done. I sing the song because I love the man I know that some of you don't understand Milk-blood to keep from running out. I've seen the needle and the damage done A little part of it in everyone But every junkie's like a settin' sun.

V.End of the War A – Presidential Primary Election 1. Dem Party in chaos a. LBJ’s approval rating was very low b. Dem challenger – Eugene McCarthy – very anti-war c. McCarthy beats LBJ in New Hampshire primary d. LBJ decides to not seek second term e. Most Dems think McCarthy can’t beat Nixon (Republican) in general election

f. Bobby Kennedy (RFK) and LBJ’s vice- pres Hubert Humphrey join the Dem race g. June 5, 1968 RFK Assassinated Democratic National Convention a. Humphrey (connected to LBJ) vs. b. McCarthy (anti-war) c. Protests erupt d. Humphrey wins nomination Humphrey Bobby Kennedy

B The Presidential General Election 1. Nixon (R) vs. Humphrey (D) vs. George Wallace (I) a) The “silent majority” desire order and an end to the war b) Nixon Wins -- Plans to End the War + restore order 2. April Nixon orders bombings of Cambodia (along Ho Chi Minh Trail) “We take this action not for the purpose of expanding the war into Cambodia but for the purpose of ending the war in Vietnam.” --President Nixon

C Kent State Massacre 1. Kent St. University, Ohio 2. Student riot after hearing Nixon’s speech 3. National Guard is called in 4. Four students are killed 5. Americans sided w/ the Guard 6. Do we have the freedom to protest?

“Ohio” performed by Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young; written by Neil Young Tin soldiers and Nixon coming, We're finally on our own. This summer I hear the drumming, Four dead in Ohio. Gotta get down to it Soldiers are gunning us down “Should have been done long ago.” What if you knew her And found her dead on the ground How can you run when you know? Gotta get down to it Soldiers are gunning us down “Should have been done long ago.” What if you knew her And found her dead on the ground How can you run when you know? Tin soldiers and Nixon coming, We're finally on our own. This summer I hear the drumming, Four dead in Ohio.

D. The U.S. Withdraws from Vietnam 1. Jan – cease fire signed between South and North 2. U.S. troops come home, endure verbal abuse “I wondered if my country would ever welcome us back. Welcome all of us in body and spirit. Or would we always remain a flaw in America’s vision of itself.” ~Frederick Downs, Vietnam War Veteran 3. North V. communists move into South V. 4. April 29, 1975 – Communist North V. takes over Saigon, rename it “Ho Chi Minh City” 5. V becomes a united, communist nation 6. 58,000 Americans dead, 300,000 wounded, $150 billion spent

“The punishment for communicating could be severe, and a few POWs, having been caught and beaten for their efforts, had their spirits broken as their bodies were battered. Terrified of a return trip to the punishment room, they would lie still in their cells when their comrades tried to tap them up on the wall. But, very few would remain uncommunicative for long. To suffer all this alone was less tolerable than torture … Almost all would recover their strength in a few days and answer the summons to rejoin the living and begin tapping.” —from Faith of My Fathers: A Family Memoir, by John McCain

The Vietnam War Memorial, Washington, DC

“I am the living death the Memorial Day on wheels I am your yankee doodle dandy Your John Wayne come home Your 4th of July firecracker exploding in the grave.” --Poem by Ray Kovic, Vietnam Veteran