Chapter 23 China, Japan, Philippines, & Burma

Tiananmen square massacre – 1989 thousands of political protestors filled square outside of Beijing – Held hunger strikes & refused to leave – Troops moved in (shot & killed hundreds) – Rest of world stunned (used to tanks)

Korea – After WWII divided 38 th par (USSR- north)supposed to be temp – US/USSR agreed 1 govt – Kim il sung leader of North – Rhee leader of south – 1950 North invades South

Korea – US sends troops to help South – US/UN push North back all way to China – China joins in to help North – 1953 cease fire forms 2 countries – South still a dictatorship

Taiwan & nationalist – 1949 set up new govt – Allowed to govern self – US gave aid even though not DEM – Major econ power(producer) – Allows open elections now – US stations soldiers & navy

Japan – SCAP- supreme commander of allied powers(Macarthur) – Disarmed Japan but empowered them econ – Created a constitution (parl dem) – Diet- their parliament

Japan – Standard of living improved – Women gained more rights – Quality of life went down b/c people worked more & population increased – LDP- liberal DEM party- dominate political party from 50’s – 90’s

Philippines – Marco- leader in 70’s imposed martial law – Supported by US even though dictator – Aquino- wife of assassinated opposition leader- elected brought DEM back (econ hurt)

Burma/Myanmar – 1948 ind from GB – U Nu first leader but was pushed out by Ne Win (ruled ) – New destroyed econ by using govt control – 1988 New resigned & country renamed self Myanmar – Aung San Suu Kyi- won Nobel prize

Vietnam – Ind from FR after WWII – Viet minh- fought FR for ind led by Ho Chi Minh ind – Dien Bien Phu- major defeated of FR (FR agrees to peace talk) – Geneva Accord ended war. Divided into 2 zones 1956 elections

Vietnam – North= communist china/USSR. South=DEM/US – Diem- leader of South. – Domino theory- US thought if 1 fell all would become communist – LBJ- escalated war & sent more troops

Vietnam – Tet offensive North offensive on Viet new year – Paris peace accord ended US involvement South taken over – Reunification-1976 country reunited Ho Chi Minh City new capital

Laos – Ind from FR 1954 – Civil war for 20 yrs – Ho Chi Mihn trail- Viet Cong used as supply route through mountains in East – US bombed causing heavy damage – Became communist – Growing econ today

Cambodia – Ind from FR 1953 – HCM trail went through as well- tried to remain neutral- US invaded – Khmer Rouge - communist seized Phnom Penh – Pol Pot- leader of Rouge

Cambodia – Mass genocide killed 1 million +. Emptied cities sent all to farms (return to old ways) – Killed govt officials, army, teachers, & intellectuals – Put children in charge – 1979 Viet took over & installed own govt