What page does the Unit on the Civil War start on? Warm -Up Get out your textbook. What page does the Unit on the Civil War start on? Evaluate and tell me about the art on that page. (What is going on? What is the emotion the artist is trying to convey? What kind of people are in the picture?)

Secession & Civil War Yes, take notes.

K-W-L (output) What do you already KNOW about the Civil War? What do you WANT to learn?

It’s 1860

The North – New York City 1860 Large cities. New York, Boston, and other major cities tripled or even quadrupled in size from 1820 to 1860 as people left their farms to find work in the cities. Semipro organized baseball clubs had sprung up all over New York. First officially organized baseball game played in California was in 1860 Professional football began in Germany

1860 The South - Charleston, SC 1860 Most states had free public schools Higher education became possible for women, but they were still expected to marry and stay at home with their children. John Brown had just been hanged in December of ‘59 for his raid on Harpers Ferry, West Virginia.

The West - Nevada in 1860 First white settlement in Idaho The Pony Express begins its first run Wiyot Massacre: 80 to 250 Wiyot people were killed on Indian Island, near Eureka, California.

Abraham Lincoln is selected as the U. S Abraham Lincoln is selected as the U.S. presidential candidate for the Republican Party.

The election of 1860 had four candidates. Politics The election of 1860 had four candidates.

Politics Yay!

Politics Think: How did having so many candidates cause the South to lose the election?

The vote for Abraham Lincoln was mostly a vote for moderation toward the issue of slavery and a vote for the Union. However, the South felt it no longer had a voice in the national government and did not see how it could remain in the Union.

At a state convention held six weeks after Election Day, South Carolina legislators voted to secede. It was a unanimous vote. secede (v.): to make a formal withdrawal of membership from an organization or alliance unanimous (adj): everyone in agreement

South Carolina was the first southern state to leave the Union. X

Within weeks, six other Southern states followed South Carolina. Outgoing President Buchanan publicly condemned South Carolina’s action. However, he did not use force to prevent it. Within weeks, six other Southern states followed South Carolina.

These were all before Lincoln even took office! First States to Secede So. Carolina Dec. 20, 1860 Mississippi Jan. 9, 1861 Florida Jan. 10, 1861 Alabama Jan. 11, 1861 Georgia Jan.19, 1861 Louisiana Jan 26, 1861 These were all before Lincoln even took office!

The others seceded: Texas March 2, 1861 Virginia April 17, 1861 Arkansas May 6, 1861 North Carolina May 20, 1861 Tennessee June 8, 1861 Fort Sumter, April 11

The others seceded: Texas March 2, 1861 Virginia April 17, 1861 Arkansas May 6, 1861 North Carolina May 20, 1861 Tennessee June 8, 1861 Virginia split into TWO STATES… West Virginia stayed with the Union (even though they were still a slave state)

The states with the largest enslaved populations seceded.

Do: (output) “Should states be able to secede if they want to? “ Visit each station and read the different arguments. Add your opinion and comments to each page. Go back and write (on exit tx) which argument or two you agree with and WHY. Have butcher paper/white board with following statements: 1. Declaration of Independence: “That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends [peoples’ rights to life, liberty & pursuit of happiness] it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new Government” (If the people decide that their government does not protect their rights, they can overthrow it and form a new government (a new nation.) 2. Constitution There is no direct statement that states can’t secede from or leave the union. 3. Congress: Congress (the federal government) forms new states. Congress has to consent to the formation of new states. Therefore, only Congress has the right to decide if a state can secede or not. People: Because the people of South Carolina in convention ratified the Constitution and joined the union, they can now repeal the ratification and dissolve the union if they want. State: States should give up their rights if it helps the entire country.

Warm -Up

By 1861, 11 states had seceded from the United States.

Let’s make a new government! Yah-Yah! Hey! Let’s make a new government!

Confederate States of America: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dKMTu1GDi_w

Dixieland Union Version : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5ra9cXx1-o&feature=related

Jefferson Davis, former Secretary of War under Pres Jefferson Davis, former Secretary of War under Pres. Franklin Pierce and then Mississippi Senator, became president of the Confederate States of America Personal facts about Davis: College education at Transylvania University! Then West Point. (Davis was a carefree, fun-loving student. He racked up quite a record of demerits – firing his musket from his window, having long hair at inspection, skipping class and chapel, and other misconduct. Davis finished in the bottom third of his class. In 1835 he married the daughter of Zachary Taylor, but she died three months later. In 1845 he married Varina Howell. Always had extensive library; avid reader. (*From Mississippi Historical Society)

President Davis’ inauguration February, 1861

President Lincoln’s inauguration March, 1861

Compare

The constitution of the Confederate States of America: closely resembled the U.S. Constitution. stressed the independence of each state. implied that states had the right to secede. forbid importing new slaves from other countries.

When the Southern states seceded, they took control of post offices, forts, and other federal property in their states. Losing Control

Fort Sumter On December 26, 1860, U.S. Major Robert Anderson moved his men into Fort Sumter, a key fort in South Carolina. The Confederacy objected; this was in the South. They demanded Anderson abandon the fort, but he refused.

Sketch in your notes…

Major Anderson sent word to President Buchanan that supplies at the fort were almost gone, and if more supplies weren’t sent soon, the fort would be lost to Confederate control. Buchanan ignored his request. Anderson tried again once President Lincoln was in office.

A Tough Decision He could send supplies to the fort. Lincoln had a few choices: He could send supplies to the fort. He could send troops to the fort to free the Anderson and his men. He could choose to do nothing at all which would mean he was giving the fort up to the Confederacy. A Tough Decision

Talk with a shoulder partner about what Lincoln should do…. A Tough Decision

Lincoln’s Choice President Lincoln decided that he should send supply ships to the fort and wait to see how Southerners would react.

On April 10, 1861, Confederate Gen On April 10, 1861, Confederate Gen. Beauregard, knowing the supply ships were on their way, demanded the surrender of the Union garrison of Fort Sumter in Charleston Harbor. Anderson refused. On April 12, 1861, at 4:30 a.m., Confederate forces opened fire on the fort. Robert Anderson was an instructor at West Point Military Academy. His favorite student? …. P. Beauregard! Interesting Note:

At 2:30 pm, April 13, Major Anderson surrendered Fort Sumter At 2:30 pm, April 13, Major Anderson surrendered Fort Sumter. This event was the start of the American Civil War.

1861 1861 1861

President Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers to put down the rebellion. Many young men jumped at the chance thinking it would be a quick 3 months battle and they would come home.

The war lasted 4 years. April 12, 1861 – May 9, 1865

Union Confederate Warm-Up October 2, 2012 Consider the advantages/ disadvantages of the North and South. Explain 3 reasons the North had more advantage than the South Union Confederate

Railroad Lines, 1860

Confederate Union