 Opposing views on such issues as:  Protective tariff  National Bank  Internal improvements  Extension of slavery in the territories

 Jefferson Davis chosen President  Seven states secede at first  S. Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas  Richmond, Va becomes the capitol  Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina secede after Lincoln’s inauguration—when he calls for troops -- 75,000

 West Virginia refuses to secede with Virginia and becomes a state in 1863  Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky and Delaware do not secede  Population, tax revenue, manufacturing plants in these states could benefit both sides of the war

 1. Population--22 million  2. Better roads and canals  3. Industry (85% of nation)  4. Established gov’t (70 years)  5. Strong finances (70% of nation’s wealth)  1. Had to attack the South  2. Needed a larger army  3. Couldn’t find able leaders

 1. Defending home ground  2. Better trained  3. Fighting for their way of life  4. Strong military traditions  5. Superior military leadership  1. Couldn’t raise money  2. Civilian leadership

 C.S.A. start to occupy federal posts and forts  Pres. Buchanan does nothing and waits for Lincoln’s inauguration  Fort Sumter (April 12, 1861)--Charleston, SC  Lincoln sends supplies--Confederates attack  Fort Sumter surrenders

 Confederate force guarding key rail center  Picnic in the country?  South get reinforcements and the North retreats  This will not be an easy war to win for either side battle-of-bull-run

 WAR OF ATTRITION: Inflict continuous losses and wear down strength

 Capture Richmond  Secure Mississippi and cut the Confederacy in half  Anaconda Plan – Blockade the ports

 Blockade around the South  Not very effective during the initial phase of the war  Admiral Farragut takes New Orleans (April, 1862)

 Monitor (Union)  Merrimac (Confederate)  Fight to a draw off the coast of Hampton Roads *

 Eastern Approach  “Tardy” George McClellan loses several important battles  Antietam (Sept., 1862) was the bloodiest battle of the Civil War  Lee’s battle plans fell into McClellan’s hands

 Western Approach  Take the Mississippi River and cut the Confederacy in half  Headed by Ulysses Grant  Shiloh (April, 1862)--1/4 of both sides killed or wounded  Vicksburg (July 4, 1863)--gave the North complete control of the Mississippi River. Siege on the city General Grant

 Bought much of the South’s cotton  Had a stockpile when the war began  Didn’t like slavery and had abolished it  Allowed South to build ships in their ports.  After the Union victory at Antietam, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation (Jan 1, 1863)  Freed the slaves only in the Confederate States*

 Confederate soldiers stumble into town looking for shoes  General Meade (Union) defeats General Lee  Same day as the Battle of Vicksburg  National Cemetery erected (four months later)  Gettysburg Address General Meade pXiY

 Captured Atlanta--major railroad center  Wanted to crush Confederate morale  Burned a 200 mile path to the Atlantic Ocean

 Lincoln runs with a new Vice- President against McClellan  Andrew Johnson is from Kentucky  Southerner to help the South feel welcomed back to the Union when the war is over Andrew Johnson

 Lee surrenders to Grant  South left in ruins, economy destroyed, slaves are homeless and unprepared for new responsibilities

 Ford’s Theater--Our American Cousin  John Wilkes Booth  “The South Avenged”  Killed in a burning barn where he had been trapped?