The Civil War A House Divided US History - Gardner

War Erupts How was the Civil War a: Legal issue Moral issue Social issue What other types of issues are appropriate when generalizing about the causes of the Civil War?

CriteriaUnionConfederacy Military Leadership Geographically (land) Sea Population Industry Motivation Economic Foreign involvement Political leadership RECAPRECAP

Why did each side think they’d win? SouthNorth “All we ask is to be let alone,”Anaconda Plan - blockade King CottonIndustry – RR, goods, power Gentlemen and GeneralsMore people – 22 mil vs 9 mil many of which were slaves

Union Strategy – Anaconda Plan

Fort Sumter 4/12/1867 – War starts because as South bombards for to prevent re-supply. This leads Lincoln to call for 75,000 troops to put down the rebellion  One big EFFECT of Lincoln’s call for troops is that border states like VA, NC, TN, and AK join the Confederacy! This also cost the US the best general in the country; Robert E. Lee.

I’m confused; please sum this up. Crash Course - The Battles By the end of this chapter, you’ll need to write the headlines for 2 newspaper editorials for the battles/campaigns listed below. Be sure to adopt a particular point of view. Who are you and what is your take on the war? 1 st Bull Run – proved to all the war would NOT be short Antietam – single bloodiest day of the war, fittingly it was a draw Gettysburg – turning point of the Civil War Vicksburg – gave North control of the Mississippi R. Sherman’s March – culminated in the conquer of the South Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Courthouse – 4/9/1861; Lee surrenders his sword *These are the battles that will be tested.

Life in the Army – Who fought? yrs old; though an 11 yr old and an 83 yr old joined Farmers – Why? Immigrants – Why? African Americans – though not right away Native Americans fought on both sides Why? – bored, glory, money, loyalty

You are the worst soldier! Brooks Brothers (who knew?) – supplied uniforms to the North Food in the beginning – Sickness/hygiene – Civil War Medicine – Stonewall Jackson survived only 8 days after his arm was amputated Civil War Medicine Turning Civilians to Soldiers

War Technology Ironclads – remember Percy Jackson and the Sea of Monsters? If you're curious.

Turning Points Emancipation Proclamation – careful what you think. Gettysburg – Costliest battle of the war

War Affects Society Seceding from seceded states – “I’m still a rebel no matter who may be in charge.” Copperheads – Northerners who sympathized w/ the South Conscription - $300 bounty to bribe northerners to fight (immigrants again) inflation

Women in the War Clara Barton Homes invaded - Homes InvadedHomes Invaded Spies Civil War Prison Camps Andersonville

The North Wins Battle of Gettysburg – Pickett’s Charge Vicksburg – mules, dogs, rats Sherman’s March to the Sea 9/1864 Surrender at Appomattox Wilmer McLean

The Legacy of the War Cause and Effect – The Civil War, CausesEffects Conflict of Slavery in the TerritoriesAbolition of Slavery Economic differences between the N & SDevastation of South Failure of Congress to CompromiseReconstruction of South Election of Lincoln as PresidentGrowth of Industry Secession of Southern StatesGovernment more powerful Firing on Ft SumterNation reunited (my favorite b/c it’s hard) Consequences of the War - North 1.Not the “United States are, but the United States is.” 2.The demands of war forced the government to grow; no longer a small government. (taxes, currency, RR, banking, colleges, the West 3.Farming replaced by industry as major economy of the North; what else could you do w/ all those factories? Consequences of the War – South 1.40% of all livestock dead 2.Farms and plantations destroyed 3.Labor system GONE 4.30 to 12% of nation’s wealth 5.Need to rebuild or RECONSTRUCT