Theme 1 Grammar

Kinds of Sentences  Declarative sentence- makes a statement, ends with a period  Interrogative sentence- asks a question, ends with a question mark  Imperative sentence- gives a command or makes a request, ends with a period  Exclamatory sentence- shows excitement or strong feeling, ends with an exclamation point

Subjects and Predicates  Subject- tells whom or what the sentence is about, noun or pronoun  Simple subject- the main word (noun or pronoun)  Complete subject-all the words in the subject

 Predicate-tells what the subject does, is, has, or feels. ALWAYS a verb  Simple predicate- the main word or words (verb or verb phrase)  Complete predicate- includes all the words in the predicate

Combining Sentences  If two sentences have the same predicate the subjects can be combined as a compound subject using and or or.  If two sentences have the same subject, the predicates can be combined.

More About Sentences  Clause- contains both a subject and a predicate  Independent clause- can stand by itself as a sentence  Subordinate clause- cannot stand by itself  The subordinating conjunction that begins a subordinate clause makes one part of the sentence subordinate to the other part  Complex sentence- has at least one subordinate clause and an independent clause

Fragments and Run-Ons  Fragment- is missing a subject or predicate  Run-on- two or more sentences that are run together into one sentence

Kinds of Nouns  Common noun-names any person, place, thing, or idea  Proper noun- names a particular person, place, thing, or idea. Always capitalized.  Singular noun- names one person, place, thin, or idea  Plural noun- names more than one person, place, thing, or idea

 Add –s or –es to most singular nouns to form the plural. Use the spelling of the singular noun to decide how to form the plural.  Some nouns have the same singular and plural forms  Some nouns are spelled differently in the plural