Animal Reproduction Biology Agriculture

Reproductive System Ovaries Female reproductive gland in which eggs are formed and hormones are produced. Testes Male reproductive gland that produces sperm and testosterone.

Reproductive System Female Reproductive Cell EGG (OVULE) Male Reproductive Cell SPERM Semen - the fluid that carries sperm

Reproductive System Production of sperm is called SPERMATOGENESIS Production of eggs is called OOGENESIS

Reproductive System Zygote Cell formed by the union of egg and sperm at fertilization. Embryo Organism in early stages of development. Pregnancy carrying a fetus Fertilization the union of the egg and sperm nuclei

Reproductive System Conception occurrence of fertilization Ovulation release of an ovule from the female. Gestation the time from fertilization or conception of a female until she gives birth

Reproductive System Vulva -opening of reproductive tract

Reproductive System Vagina - channel for birth and copulation

Reproductive System Cervix - divides vagina and uterus

Reproductive System Uterus - provides nourishment for fetus

Reproductive System Horns of Uterus - where fetus grows

Reproductive System Fallopian Tube - where fertilization occurs

Reproductive System Ovaries - produces eggs and hormones

Reproductive System Testes - produce sperm and testosterone

Reproductive System Epididymis - collects and stores sperm

Reproductive System Vas deferens - transports sperm

Reproductive System Penis - places sperm in female

Reproductive System Scrotum - protects testes, maintains temp

Reproductive System Sheath - opening of reproductive tract

Animal Reproduction Ovaries – produces eggs and hormones

Animal Reproduction The ovaries are stimulated by a hormone called the follicle stimulating hormones (FSH) and produce a FOLLICLE where the egg (ovum) grows and matures

Animal Reproduction When the egg matures the follicle ruptures and releases the egg - OVULATION

Animal Reproduction

Mating Process Around the time of ovulation estrogen causes estrus or heat The time that the female will allow the male to mate with her Males seek out females that are in estrus

Mating Process During mating millions of sperm are deposited in the female vagina. Sperm moves by using their tails in a whiplike action – motile

Mating Process Sperm travels from the vagina through the cervix and uterus and into the fallopian tubes Sperm and egg unit in the fallopian tube

Reproductive Technologies Any method of reproduction that is different from natural methods

Reproductive Technologies Embryo Transfer: The transfer of fertilized egg(s) from a donor female to one or more recipient females

Reproductive Technologies Embryo Transfer

Reproductive Technologies Embryo Transfer

Reproductive Technologies Super Ovulation: Giving animals a hormone that causes them to produce more then one egg.

Reproductive Technologies Artificial Insemination Placing sperm into the female reproductive tract by means other than natural mating.

Reproductive Problems Sterility: Inability of an animal to reproduce Freemartin: In twins, when a female is exposed to male testosterone before birth. Causes problems with the development of female reproductive organs

Reproductive Practices Purebreeding Breeding two pure breed animals together Usually papered to prove genetics Crossbreeding One breed is breed to another Ex. Angus x Herford = Black Baldy

Reproductive Practices Grading-up Taking grade cows and breeding to purebreds