Animal Reproduction Chapter 46. Reproduction Asexual  1 parent  No gamete fusion May or may not be produced  Mitotic division Sexual  2 parents 

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Presentation transcript:

Animal Reproduction Chapter 46

Reproduction Asexual  1 parent  No gamete fusion May or may not be produced  Mitotic division Sexual  2 parents  Haploid gametes fuse Egg: large, nonmotile female Sperm: small, motile male  Meiosis and mitosis

Asexual Reproduction  Fission Prokaryotes  Budding Hydras  Fragmentation Some sea stars & sponges  Parthenogenesis Bees, ants, & Komodo dragons

Sexual Reproduction  Hermaphroditism Self- or cross-fertilization  Sequential hermaphroditism Blue-banded gobies  Separate sexes External Internal

Fertilization ExternalInternal

Human Reproductive System Female versus Male

Female Reproductive System

Male Reproductive Anatomy

Gametogenesis

Spermatogenesis

Oogenesis

Variations of Spermatogenesis  All 4 meiotic daughters become gametes 1 oocyte develops others degenerate  Adolescence through adulthood Mitotic divisions done by birth  Mature sperm continuously produced 1 development pre cycle (28 days)

Hormonal Control of Spermatogenesis

Hormonal Control of Oogenesis

Ovarian Cycle

Uterine Cycle

Menopause

Disorders of the Reproductive System  Testicular cancer  Prostatitis  Impotence  Cryptorchidism  STDs  Cervical cancer  Amenorrhea  Dysmenorrhea  Endometriosis  Prolapse of the uterus

Semen  Sperm and glandular secretions Seminal vesicles: nutrients/energy for sperm Prostate gland: nutrients to activate sperm Bulbourethral gland: mucus to neutralize  Fluid release before ejaculation Bulbourethral gland neutralizes urine remnants Sperm  Pullout method of contraception

Sexual Response  Physiological Responses: Vasocongestion Myotonia  Phases of Sexual Response: Excitement Plateau Orgasm Resolution

Contraception

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