Components of Food

Nutrients The ingredients of our food contains some Components that are needed by out Body. These components are called “Nutrients.”

Major nutrients present in our food Major nutrients present in our food  Carbohydrates  Proteins  Fats  Vitamins  Minerals Food also contains Dietary fibers and water.

What do various Nutrients do for our body ?

Carbohydrate and Fats  Carbohydrate : it mainly provides energy to our body.  Fats : It gives us much more energy as compared to the amount of carbohydrates. Food contains fats and carbohydrate are called “ Energy Giving Food “.

Protein Proteins are needed for the Growth of our body. Foods Containing protein are often called “ Body Building Food”

Minerals Minerals are needed by our body in small amounts. It is essential for proper growth of our body and to maintain good health.

Vitamins  Vitamins help in protecting our body against diseases.  Vitamins also help in keeping our eyes, bones, teeth and gums healthy. Vitamins are of different kinds Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin K and Vitamin B-complex.

Major Types of Vitamins  Vitamin A : keeps our skin and eyes healthy  Vitamin C : helps body to fight against many diseases.  Vitamin D : helps our body to use calcium for bones and teeth.

Dietary Fibers and Water Dietary fibers : An Essential food component. it does not provide any nutrient to our body but helps our body get rid of undigested food. Water : it helps our body to absorb nutrients from food. It also helps in throwing out some wastes from body as urine and sweat.

Deficiency Diseases Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called “Deficiency Diseases “

Some diseases/ disorders caused by deficiency of nutrients. Nutrients Deficiency diseases/ Disorder Symptoms CarbohydrateBody growth may stop completely Weak, thin and lean. ProteinSkin diseases, discoloration of hair and diarrhea Pimples, grey hair and vomit. Vitamin ALoss of visionPoor vision, loss of vision in night. Vitamin CScurvyBleeding gums, wounds take longer time to heal. Vitamin DRicketsBones become soft and bent.

Balanced Diet Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating a balanced diet. Balanced diet for the body should contain a variety of nutrients.

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