Intro to Human Anatomy Chapter 1.

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Presentation transcript:

Intro to Human Anatomy Chapter 1

Which has more new discoveries? What’s the Difference? ANATOMY PHYSIOLOGY Which has more new discoveries?

Anatomy or Physiology? To send a nerve impulse, sodium and potassium ions must switch places in the cell The human tailbone is a fusion of multiple vertebrae When the bicep muscle contracts, it pulls on tendons and ligaments which move the lower arm

Homeostasis Maintaining a stable internal environment Organ systems function to maintain homeostasis Examples?

Homeostasis Homeostatic mechanisms work by: Having a set point (normal, balanced) Receptors in the body detect deviations or stimulus Increase or decrease past the set point Trigger a set of events to bring the situation back to normal

Blood Sugar Regulation

Homeostasis NEGATIVE FEEDBACK – Correction occurs opposite direction of stimulus Examples: Body temp rises; cooling mechanisms activated Body temp drops; heating mechanisms activated Other examples?

Homeostasis POSITIVE FEEDBACK - Stimulus amplifies response in the same direction Examples: Chemicals present in a blood clot lead to more clotting A baby drinking mother’s milk causes more milk production Pressure in the uterus during childbirth leads to stronger contractions

Homeostasis VITAL SIGNS What is measured in a test of vital signs? A measure of homeostasis Indicate that someone is alive What is measured in a test of vital signs?

Organization of the Body Lots of vocabulary to describe the body Why? Allows doctors to communicate as clearly as possible Which would you rather hear as a surgeon? “It hurts in the left upper side of my chest.” “I’m having pain in the left lateral pleural cavity, superior to the heart.”

Organization of the Body Many body cavities lined by membranes PARIETAL – lines body cavity VISCERAL – covers organ

Organization of the Body Always refer to body in ANATOMICAL POSITION Face forward Palms forward Note: Right and left refer to the patient

Organization of the Body To observe different sections, we cut the body along various imaginary planes SAGITTAL (median) FRONTAL (coronal) TRANSVERSE (horizontal)

Organization of the Body

What does this mean? The lesion is located in the right thorax just lateral to the mid-sagittal plane.

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