Chapter 7 - Maintaining an Internal Balance 7.1 & 7.2.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 7 - Maintaining an Internal Balance 7.1 & 7.2

Homeostasis human body systems are constantly adjusting to changes in the external environment to maintain a constant internal environment homeostasis is an active process, sometimes called dynamic equilibrium

Optimal Human Body (Image from: temperature: 37ºC blood sugar level: 0.1% blood pH: 7.35 etc.

Homeostatic Control System (Image from: monitor coordinating center regulator

Feedback Systems negative feedback –signals coordinating centre to counteract any detected changes in the same direction –prevents a small change from becoming too large

Negative Feedback (Image from:

Negative Feedback (Image from:

Feedback Systems (Image from: positive feedback –signals coordinating centre to amplify any detected changes in the same direction –much less common –causes a small change to become larger

Positive Feedback (Image from:

Positive Feedback (Image from:

Thermoregulation the regulation of body temperature each species has an optimal temperature

Thermoregulation ectotherms temperature is regulated by external temperature endotherms can maintain constant body temperature regardless of external changes

Ectotherms & Endotherms (Image from:

Thermoregulation (Image on next slide from: In humans, the hypothalamus (part of the brain) is the coordinating centre for thermoregulation. Image taken from:

Mammalian Diving Reflex when a mammal is submerged in cold water, the hypothalamus signals –the heart rate to slow down –blood to be diverted to the brain and other vital organs to conserve heat useful in preventing hypothermia

Mammalian Diving Reflex (Image from: