Nausea Vertigo Fatigue Pale, clammy skin Increased salivation Hyperventilation

First happened when man tried to improve natural mobility First recorded account came from Ancient Greece – Happened on the water – Coined the term nausea

90% of the world’s population suffer from motion sickness at least once 300 million of the U.S. experience it – 9 to 75 million have a debilitating response – 2 million have to visit the doctor

Some feel the effects worse than others Predisposition to motion sickness can be inherited Some races feel it worse than others Others with increased susceptibility to it: – Pregnant women – Frequent migraine sufferers – People with anxiety disorders

In an automobile, or – Train – Bus On a plane While playing video games On a boat

“Blood and Guts” Respiratory Issues Reaction to shock to CNS and/or ANS Infection Overstimulation

Fixation disparity leads to lack of visual acuity Occurs when there is a misalignment of the eye Can be horizontal and/or vertical Results in over- or under-convergence of eyes at a fixation point

Misalignment of the fovea is only a few arcminutes – One-sixtieth (1/60) of a degree Foveal slip eventually leads to depth perception problems

Foveal slip leaves one unable to accurately track motion with their eyes Definite correlation between foveal slip and motion sickness – Occurs during opti-kinetic stimulation – Increased fixation disparity leads to increased foveal slip, which leads to worse manifestations of motion sickness

Defense mechanism to protect against neurotoxins Signals sent to brain from the eyes and vestibular system contradict each other Body can not sustain homeostasis

Sit where motion is felt the least Don’t read Keep head and body still Face forward in a reclining position Keep eyes on the horizon Keep window open Don’t drink or smoke Eat small, low-fat, bland, and starchy foods

Powder or liquid ginger Use acupuncture, acupressure, or mild electrical pulse at: – Neiguian or Pericardium (3 finger widths above the wrist) – Small intestine 17 (just below the earlobes, in the indentations behind the jawbone)

Diphenhydramine – Active ingredient in sleep aids – Cannot be used with infants – Not good for elderly, pregnant, or breast- feeders – Not good for people with glaucoma, heart disease, constipation, or enlarged prostate

Antihistamines – Most effective minutes before a trip – Side effect: drowsiness and less alert – Shouldn’t be used by people with emphysema or bronchitis

Uses Pure Data to produce a signal in the kHz range Chosen because that’s the range for typical head movements Works using the motor-sensory theory as a basis

Mounted just outside the wearer’s peripheral vision Lights flash at 20 Hz with 8 ms dwell time Prevents your eyes from going into a foveal slip Shouldn’t cause epileptic seizures

Sunglasses (Dollar Store)- $1 LilyPad Arduino 168 Main Board (SparkFun)- $20.95 LilyPad E-Sewing Kit (SparkFun)- $49.35 Baseball cap (closet)- Free