Dr.B.R.AMBEDKAR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, JALANDHAR Department of Electronics and Communication Introduction to Global Positioning System By- ANKIT SRIVASTAVA , G1

INDEX  What is GPS?  Background & History.  Components of System.  Basic Principle of GPS.  Area of Application?  Advancement in GPS.  Conclusion

What is GPS?  It’s a Satellite Navigation System.  It gives accurate position of receiver up to 100m  Transmit position and time data.  GPS uses "man-made stars" as reference points to calculate positions accurate to a matter of meters.  24+ satellites and 5 monitoring stations.  12 hours orbital time  Free of Cost

US Space Command Hawaii Ascension Is. Diego Garcia Cape Canaveral Monitoring Stations Kwajalein Atoll

Various Devices Used for GPS A GPS Receiver GPS Phones GPS in CAR

Background & History 1969—Defense Navigation Satellite System (DNSS) formed 1973—NAVSTAR Global Positioning System developed 1978—first 4 satellites launched Delta rocket launch 1993—24th satellite launched; initial operational capability 1995—full operational capability May 2000—Military accuracy available to all users

Components of System. Space segmentUser SegmentGround Control 24 satellitesGPS antennas & receiver /processors Master control station at Schreiver AFB, Colorado 6 orbital planesPosition & velocity Five monitor stations 5 to 8 satellites visible from any point on earth Synchronized with satellite clock Backup control system

Basic Principle of GPS.  Position of any receiver is calculated using principle of triangulation (trilateration).

Triangulation (trilateration).

Area of Application?  Military.  Search and rescue.  Disaster relief.  Surveying.  Marine, aeronautical and terrestrial navigation.  Remote controlled vehicle and robot guidance.  Satellite positioning and tracking.  Shipping.

Advancement in GPS  Beidon – China's regional system that China has proposed to expand into a global system named COMPASS.  Galileo – a proposed global system being developed by the European Union, joined by China, Israel, India, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, and Ukraine, planned to be operational by  GLONASS – Russia's global system which is being restored to full availability in partnership with India.  Indian Regional Navigational Satellite System (IRNSS) – India's proposed regional system.  QZSS – Japanese proposed regional system, adding better coverage to the Japanese Islands

Conclusion  GPS is a vibrant technology with its applications extended to areas such as Military, Search and rescue, surveillance, Navigation etc.  As the technology grows further we might see its usage extended to common-man, just like mobile phones.

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