VS.

Main Idea: The conflicting aims between the United States and the Soviet Union led to Global Competition. Why It Matters Now? The conflicts between these two superpowers played a major role in reshaping the modern world. Why It Matters Now? The conflicts between these two superpowers played a major role in reshaping the modern world.

Setting The Stage!!!! / During WWII the U.S. and U.S.S.R joined forces to fight against the Germans. / The Soviets marched West And the U.S. marched East, to meet in a defeated Germany. / During WWII the U.S. and U.S.S.R joined forces to fight against the Germans. / The Soviets marched West And the U.S. marched East, to meet in a defeated Germany.

Former Allies Diverge / Even before the war had ended the two Allies relations had begun to unravel. / The U.S. was mad at Stalin for signing a pact with Hitler. / The USSR was mad at the U.S. for not joining the war in German occupied Europe until / Even before the war had ended the two Allies relations had begun to unravel. / The U.S. was mad at Stalin for signing a pact with Hitler. / The USSR was mad at the U.S. for not joining the war in German occupied Europe until 1944.

A Joint Postwar Plan / The leaders of the Allies met in the resort city of Yalta. / They agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation. / That Germany would pay reparations to the Soviet Union. / Stalin promised all Eastern European nations would have free elections. / In return USSR would join in the fight against Japan. / The leaders of the Allies met in the resort city of Yalta. / They agreed to divide Germany into zones of occupation. / That Germany would pay reparations to the Soviet Union. / Stalin promised all Eastern European nations would have free elections. / In return USSR would join in the fight against Japan.

Creation of the United Nations / In June 1945 the U.S. & USSR set aside their differences and joined 48 other countries in forming the United Nations. / It was intended to protect its members from aggression. / A large body called the General Assembly was established. / In June 1945 the U.S. & USSR set aside their differences and joined 48 other countries in forming the United Nations. / It was intended to protect its members from aggression. / A large body called the General Assembly was established.

General Assembly / Was like a town meeting. / Each member could cast a vote on a broad range of issues, including membership / Was like a town meeting. / Each member could cast a vote on a broad range of issues, including membership

Security Council / An 11-member body called the security council had the real power to investigate and settle disputes. / The Five permanent members of the security council were Britain, China, France, United States, and The Soviet Union. / Each could Veto any security council action. / An 11-member body called the security council had the real power to investigate and settle disputes. / The Five permanent members of the security council were Britain, China, France, United States, and The Soviet Union. / Each could Veto any security council action.

Differing U.S. and Soviet Goals / Even though they had an agreement at Yalta and both part of the UN security council, after the war they split up. / The U.S. was the richest and most powerful, only suffering 400,000 deaths, its cities and factories intact. / The USSR lost 50 times more lives, cities were destroyed. / Even though they had an agreement at Yalta and both part of the UN security council, after the war they split up. / The U.S. was the richest and most powerful, only suffering 400,000 deaths, its cities and factories intact. / The USSR lost 50 times more lives, cities were destroyed.

Superpowers Aims in Europe / The U.S. wanted to prevent the spread of Communism, gain access to raw materials, rebuild European Gov’t to promote stability and create new markets for U.S. goods, and reunited Germany to stabilize it and increase security in Europe.

Superpowers Aims in Europe / The USSR wanted to encourage Communism in other countries, rebuild its own economy using Eastern European industrial equipment and raw materials, protect Soviet borders using Eastern European countries, balance US influence in Western Europe, and Keep Germany divided to prevent it from waging war again.

The Soviet Union Corrals Eastern Europe / A major goal of the USSR was to shield itself from another attack from the west. / Countries have a history of attacking Russia, Germany x2, France, Poles, the Swedes. / A major goal of the USSR was to shield itself from another attack from the west. / Countries have a history of attacking Russia, Germany x2, France, Poles, the Swedes.

Soviets Build a Wall of Satellite Nations / Stalin ignored the agreement at Yalta and installed and secured Communist Governments in Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech., Romania, Poland, and Yugoslavia. / FDR has died, Truman is in, Big 3 met in Potsdam, Truman presses Stalin for free elections, Stalin says no & war was certain. / Stalin ignored the agreement at Yalta and installed and secured Communist Governments in Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech., Romania, Poland, and Yugoslavia. / FDR has died, Truman is in, Big 3 met in Potsdam, Truman presses Stalin for free elections, Stalin says no & war was certain.

Iron Curtain Divides / “Iron Curtain”, comes from a speech by Churchill, came to represent the Europe’s division between a mostly democratic west and a Communist Eastern Europe. / Stalin took it as a call to war. / “Iron Curtain”, comes from a speech by Churchill, came to represent the Europe’s division between a mostly democratic west and a Communist Eastern Europe. / Stalin took it as a call to war.

Iron Curtain Divides / Germany along with its capital are divided among the Allies. / The Soviets control the Eastern part, under a communist Gov’t, named German Democratic Republic. / The Western zone was called Federal Republic of Germany. / Germany along with its capital are divided among the Allies. / The Soviets control the Eastern part, under a communist Gov’t, named German Democratic Republic. / The Western zone was called Federal Republic of Germany.

US counters Soviet Expansion / Truman adopts the foreign policy of Containment. / Containment was a policy directed at blocking soviet influence and preventing the spreading of communism. / Truman adopts the foreign policy of Containment. / Containment was a policy directed at blocking soviet influence and preventing the spreading of communism.

The Truman Doctrine / Truman’s support for countries that rejected Communism was called the Truman Doctrine. / Congress granted over $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece / Truman’s support for countries that rejected Communism was called the Truman Doctrine. / Congress granted over $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece

The Marshall Plan / In June 1947, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall proposed that America give aid to any European country that needed it. This was called the Marshall Plan. / It would provide machines, food and other materials / In June 1947, U.S. Secretary of State George Marshall proposed that America give aid to any European country that needed it. This was called the Marshall Plan. / It would provide machines, food and other materials

The Berlin Airlift / The US and its allies clashed with USSR over Germany. / In 1948 US, France, and Britain withdrew their forces from Germany allowing it to form one nation. / The USSR in response held West Berlin hostage. / The US and its allies clashed with USSR over Germany. / In 1948 US, France, and Britain withdrew their forces from Germany allowing it to form one nation. / The USSR in response held West Berlin hostage.

The Berlin Airlift / The Soviets who territory included Berlin cut off highway, water, and rail traffic to West Berlin. / Stalin hoped this would force the allies to forfeit West Berlin to him. / Over 11 months 277,000 planes brought supplies to West Berlin. / May 1949 USSR lifted the Berlin Blockade. / The Soviets who territory included Berlin cut off highway, water, and rail traffic to West Berlin. / Stalin hoped this would force the allies to forfeit West Berlin to him. / Over 11 months 277,000 planes brought supplies to West Berlin. / May 1949 USSR lifted the Berlin Blockade.

The Cold War and a Divided World / Cold War- a state of diplomatic hostility that developed between the two superpowers. / They began in 1949 using spying, propaganda, diplomacy, and secret operations in their dealings with each other. / It influenced all world alliances. / Cold War- a state of diplomatic hostility that developed between the two superpowers. / They began in 1949 using spying, propaganda, diplomacy, and secret operations in their dealings with each other. / It influenced all world alliances.

Rival Alliances / 1949 ten Western European nations joined Canada and the US to form a defensive military alliance. NATO / North Atlantic Treaty Organization. / These nations promised to meet an attack on any NATO member with armed force. / 1949 ten Western European nations joined Canada and the US to form a defensive military alliance. NATO / North Atlantic Treaty Organization. / These nations promised to meet an attack on any NATO member with armed force.

Rival Alliances / USSR viewed NATO as a threat, so they created the Warsaw pact in / USSR, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania were all part. / In 1955 the US created SEATO. In response to aggression in Korea and Indochina. / USSR viewed NATO as a threat, so they created the Warsaw pact in / USSR, Poland, East Germany, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, and Albania were all part. / In 1955 the US created SEATO. In response to aggression in Korea and Indochina.

Nuclear Threat / By 1949 both superpowers had become nuclear powers. / Truman in 1950 gave permission to begin work on the H-bomb, 1000x stronger than the A bomb. / By 1952, the US had the H-bomb, a year later, so did USSR. / By 1949 both superpowers had become nuclear powers. / Truman in 1950 gave permission to begin work on the H-bomb, 1000x stronger than the A bomb. / By 1952, the US had the H-bomb, a year later, so did USSR.

Nuclear Threat / Dwight D Eisenhower became President in / BRINKMANSHIP- the willingness to go to the brink of war. / Thus the US began to stockpile nuclear weapons, so did the USSR. / This arms race would continue for 40 years. / Dwight D Eisenhower became President in / BRINKMANSHIP- the willingness to go to the brink of war. / Thus the US began to stockpile nuclear weapons, so did the USSR. / This arms race would continue for 40 years.

Cold War in the Skies / In August 1957, the soviets announced a rocket that could travel great distances. ICBM. / ICBM- intercontinental ballistic missiles. / USSR launches SPUTNIK, first satellite. / The US responds by pushing education in math and science and foreign languages. / In August 1957, the soviets announced a rocket that could travel great distances. ICBM. / ICBM- intercontinental ballistic missiles. / USSR launches SPUTNIK, first satellite. / The US responds by pushing education in math and science and foreign languages.

Cold War in the Skies / By Jan US launches satellite. / Space race begins. / CIA begins U-2 program. / U-2 secret high-altitude spy flights over Soviet territory. / May 1960 Francis Gary Powers Shot down over USSR. / 10 years in jail, but only did 19 months. / By Jan US launches satellite. / Space race begins. / CIA begins U-2 program. / U-2 secret high-altitude spy flights over Soviet territory. / May 1960 Francis Gary Powers Shot down over USSR. / 10 years in jail, but only did 19 months.