1 ADT Program Workshop Meeting (Sydney, Australia – September 26, 2005) “ADT and the Future of NDLTD” Edward A. Fox Executive Director, NDLTD Virginia Tech Blacksburg, VA USA Mobile:

Outline Acknowledgements Digital Libraries NDLTD Recent and Future Work Conclusions

Acknowledgements All those working with ETDs NDLTD, including Board, Committees, Members, and Associate Members ETD 2005 Conference Team ADT, including Committees and Members Faculty, Staff, Students at Virginia Tech and at institutions collaborating with us Sponsors, including SURA, FIPSE, NSF, IBM, Microsoft, VTLS, Adobe, …

Digital Libraries (DLs) -- Objectives World Lit.: 24hr / 7day / from desktop Ubiquitous Integrated “super” information systems Usable, Useful Higher Quality, Lower Cost Education, Knowledge Sharing, Discovery Disintermediation -> Collaboration Universities Reclaim Property Interactive Courseware, Student Works

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DL Overview Why of Global Interest? National projects can preserve antiquities and heritage: cultural, historical, linguistic, scholarly Knowledge and information are essential to economic and technological growth, education DL - a domain for international collaboration –wherein all can contribute and benefit –which leverages investment in networking –which provides useful content on Internet & WWW –which will tie nations and peoples together more strongly and through deeper understanding

7 Synchronous Scholarly Communication Same time, Same or different place

8 Asynchronous, Digital Library Mediated Scholarly Communication Different time and/or place

9 Information Life Cycle Authoring Modifying Organizing Indexing Storing Retrieving Distributing Networking Retention / Mining Accessing Filtering Using Creating

DL Challenges Preservation - so people with trust DLs Scalability, sustainability, interoperability Well-trained, confident, digital librarians DL community-oriented industry -- critical mass through covering libraries, archives, museums, corporate info, govt info, personal info -> “quality WWW” integrating IR, HT, MM, … Quality: content, access, services, …

11 Quality and the Information Life Cycle

12 DL Curriculum Framework

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Outline Acknowledgements Digital Libraries NDLTD Recent and Future Work Conclusions

16 NDLTD Incorporation Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations incorporated May 20, 2003 in Virginia, USA Charitable and educational purposes (501 c 3) Officers –Executive Director (Ed Fox) –Secretary (Gail McMillan) –Treasurer (Scott Eldredge)

17 Board of Directors Suzie Allard (ETD 2004, U. Kentucky) Denise A. D. Bedford (World Bank) Julia C. Blixrud (ARL, SPARC) José Luis Borbinha (Natl Lib Portugal) Alex Byrne (ETD 2005, ADT: Australia) Tony Cargnelutti (ETD 2005, Australia) Vinod Chachra (VTLS) Susan Copeland (RGU, UK) Jude Edminster (Bowling Green St. U.) Scott Eldredge (Treasurer, ETD 2002, BYU) Edward A. Fox (Exec Director,Virginia Tech) John H. Hagen (West Virginia U.) Thomas B. Hickey (OCLC) Christine Jewell (U. Waterloo, Canada) Delphine Lewis (ProQuest) Joan K. Lippincott (CNI) Mike Looney (Adobe) Gail McMillan (Secretary, Virginia Tech) Joseph Moxley (ETD 2000, USF) Eva M ü ller (U. Uppsala, Sweden) Ana Pavani (PUC Rio, Brazil) Axel Plathe (UNESCO, Paris) Sharon Reeves (National Library Canada) Peter Schirmbacher (ETD 2003, Humboldt) Hussein Suleman (U.Cape Town, S. Africa) Shalini R. Urs (U. Mysore, India) Eric F. Van de Velde (ETD 2001, Caltech)

18 NDLTD Committees (Chairs) Awards (John Hagen) Conferences (Tony Cargnelutti) Development (Peter Schirmbacher) Executive (Edward Fox) Finance (Scott Eldredge) Implementation (Ana Pavani) Membership (Shalini Urs) Nominating (Sharon Reeves) Standards (Thomas B. Hickey) Union Catalog (Vinod Chachra)

19 Selected Projects / Sponsors Australia (ADT) Brazil (BDT, IBICT) Canada Catalunya Chile (Cybertesis) Germany India (Vidyanidhi) Korea OhioLINK: 79 colleges/univs Portugal (National Library) South Africa UK (British Library, JISC, Edinburgh, …) UNESCO (especially Latin America, Eastern Europe, Africa) Venezuela

20 Some Countries Australia Belgium Brazil Canada Chile China, Hong Kong Columbia Finland France Germany Greece India Italy Jamaica Korea Lithuania Malaysia Mexico Namibia Netherlands Norway Poland Russia Singapore S. Africa S. Korea Spain Sudan Sweden Switzerland Taiwan Thailand Turkey UK USA Venezuela Yugoslavia

Some Institutional Members British Library Cinemedia Coalition for Networked Information (CNI) Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC) Consorci de Biblioteques Universitàries de Catalunya Diplomica.com Dissertation.com Dissertationen Online (Germany) ETDweb, a Division of Answer4.com Ibero-American Science & Technology Education Consortium (ISTEC) National Documentation Centre (NDC), Greece National Library of Portugal (for all universities) OCLC Online Computer Library Center OhioLINK Organization of American States (SEDI/OAS) Southeastern Library Network (SOLINET) UNESCO (

22 UNESCO and ETDs (by Axel Plathe at ETD2003) Promoting the use of the Internet as a tool for disseminating scientific knowledge Facilitating the transfer of ETD expertise from developed to developing countries 1998: Member of the NDLTD Steering Committee 1999: First UNESCO ETD meeting on ETD internationalisation 2002: “UNESCO Guide to Electronic Theses and Dissertations” 2003: Model training programmes and training courses 2003: Sponsor pilot projects 2003: Pilot projects (Africa, Europe, Latin-America)

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26 Union catalog: OCLC OCLC will expand OAI data provider on TDs. Is getting data from WorldCat (so, from many sites!). Will harvest from all others who contact them. Need DC and either ETD-MS or MARC. Has a set for ETDs.

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30 OCLC SRU Interface

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32 ETD Union Search Mirror Site in China (CALIS) ( – popular site!)

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34 VTLS Service ’ s Support of Content Languages The VTLS service for NDLTD supports different languages. These are: English German Greek Korean Portuguese Others – which are most needed ???

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36 ETDs: Library Goals Improve library services –Better turn-around time –Always available Reduce work –catalog from e-text –eliminate handling: mailing to ProQuest, bindery prep, check- out, check-in, reshelving, etc. Save space

37 Why ETD? Short Answer For Students: –Gain knowledge and skills for the Information Age –Richer communication (digital information, multimedia, …) For Universities: –Easy way to enter the digital library field and benefit thereby For the World: –Global digital library – large, useful, many services General: –Save time and money –Increased visibility for all associated with research results

Aiding universities to enhance graduate education, publishing and IPR efforts Helping improve the availability and content of theses and dissertations Educating ALL future scholars so they can publish electronically and effectively use digital libraries (i.e., are Information Literate and can be more expressive) What are we doing?

Outline Acknowledgements Digital Libraries NDLTD Recent and Future Work Conclusions

Recent and Future Work OAI Quality Analysis Preservation (LOCKSS) Automatic Classification to Identify Sub- collections and Categories Logging Standards Other Services and Enhancements

41 OAI - Open Archives Initiative Advocacy for interoperability Standard for transferring metadata among digital libraries –Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (PMH) Simplicity Generality Extensibility Support for PMH => Open Archive (OA)

42 OAI – Black Box Perspective OA 1OA 2OA 4OA 3OA 5OA 6OA 7

43 Discovery Current Awareness Preservation Service Providers Data Providers Metadata harvesting The World According to OAI

44 Metadata Specifications and Metadata Format: Conformance Based on ETD-MS

45 LOCKSS Lots of copies keep stuff safe Stanford (Vicky Reich) Initial focus on lower levels Initial content: journals Emory (Martin Halbert) –Help deploy and adapt –Help apply in other contexts Another registry Set of publisher manifests (information providers) Set of storage systems (archival storage) –NDIIP: AmericanSouth, MetaArchive

46 NDLTD Sub-collections, PACS Automatic Classification

47 XML-based DL Log Standard Log analysis –is a source of information on: How patrons really use DL services How systems behave while supporting user information seeking activities Used to: –Evaluate and enhance services –Guide allocation of resources Common practice in the web setting –Supported by web servers, proxy caches DL Logging can be more detailed

48 The XML Log Format Log SessionIdMachineInfo StatementTransactionTimestamp SessionInfoRegisterInfo StatementEventTimestamp Action SearchBrowse StoreSysInfoUpdate SearchBy QueryString CatalogCollection PresentationInfo StatusInfo Timeout

49 Future Work – 1 of 3 Collection –Cover all universities in Australia, the region, and the world –Expand from dissertations to theses to undergrad theses to reports to e-portfolios –Add in page images of back files or at least bib records (retrospective)

50 Future Work – 2 of 3 Promote use of ETDs –Collaborate with Scirus, Google Scholar, … –Support students so have DOIs, resolved references, XML works –Support cross language, multilingual, multimedia search/browse –Provide aids to classification into DDC or domain-specific classification

51 Future Work – 3 of 3 Enhance services for students –Help students with electronic submission, e-pub, multimedia, hypermedia, electronic data sets, electronic lab notebooks –Support students with annotations, threaded discussions, recommenders –Support work with early versions of ETDs for collaboration, with limited access and chat groups –Encourage submission of PPT, video of defense (or a rerun)

52 Conclusions Review History Significant Progress Many Challenges Key Role for ADT

Review Acknowledgements Digital Libraries NDLTD Recent and Future Work Conclusions

54 Conclusions Review History Significant Progress Many Challenges Key Role for ADT

55 Questions? Discussion? Recommendations? Thank You!